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Commit 333c9fe8 authored by Loes's avatar Loes
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......@@ -96,9 +96,7 @@ Pretty nice beginner tutorial this one [here](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iX
[This tutorial](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n_bZJjkkkG8&list=PLXJnjBsCdBxHFOV1te8BiZnfz9LF7mpHT&index=3&t=0s) was great for creating tile-like patterns like the one I made below. I was not successfull in creating a printable design yet! I have to study the parameters a little better to understand how I can avoid making crazy intersecting lines and end up with curves that an be offset and extruded. But good start and lots of playing around.
![](../images/wk08_prusasaysno.jpg)*Looking really cool! But Prusa slicer says no. Loes Bogers, 2019*
SCREENSHOTS HERE
![](../images/wk08_prusasaysno.jpg)*Some other examples I made. Looking really cool, but Prusa slicer says no. Loes Bogers, 2019*
**Truchet tiles**
......@@ -111,7 +109,7 @@ SCREENSHOTS HERE
![](../images/wk08_truchettiles2.jpg)*Producing a pattern that can be created for each cell, Loes Bogers, 2019*
#GIF HERE
![](../images/wk08_dispatch.gif)*Switching between modes, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../images/wk08_truchettiles5.jpg)*Exploding cells and using the segments to define parameters for curves, Loes Bogers, 2019*
......
......@@ -548,10 +548,4 @@ Look at the datasheet, assuming a 9V battery. To know resistance and amps etc.
* The Culture series by Afroditi Psarra and Dafni Papadopoulou
**Flip dots**
**Vibration motors**
......@@ -179,6 +179,10 @@ I used Rhino to design the mold for the inflatable. It consists of designing a t
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/pbkiEAYWoJI?rel=0&amp;showinfo=0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
![](../images/wk12_cutfiles.jpg)*Elements to cut, Loes Bogers, 2019*
[Download the cutfile for the mold (.dxf)](../files/wk12_cutfile_mold.dxf)
**Parts list**
The mold consists of two parts that are glued together with a little bit of silicon after:
......
# KOMBUCHA PAPER
# KOMBUCHA PAPER/LEATHER
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/XaFScq8vYMQ" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
......@@ -30,10 +30,8 @@ Final form achieved after: 5 days
###Ingredients
* **Kombucha SCOBY** - 1 piece of 3-5 mm thickness, grow one with [this recipe](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/kombuchascoby)
* **Turpentine** - 1 tbsp (15 ml) + a little more
* **Coconut oil** - 1 tbsp (15 ml)
* **Beeswax, melted** - 1 tbsp (15 ml)
* **Boiled Linseed/Flax oil** - 1 tbsp (15 ml) you can get this at a hardware store in 1L bottles, note that this is not the same as the food-grade one from the supermarket.
###Tools
......@@ -55,32 +53,28 @@ One sheet of kombucha paper.
1. **Preparing the after-treatment for a kombucha sheet**
- Wear gloves and a mask, this process creates fumes that are not very pleasant nor healthy, work in a well-ventilated area.
- Take the kombucha sheet out of its bath, wash in soapy cold water and dry it off with some kitchen paper. Put it on the silicone mat. Some kombucha SCOBY's will be a bit uneven and might have a hole or a tear. You can rearrange it a bit and put these bits back together, in the drying process these parts will reattach if they're overlapping.
- Melt the beeswax so you can take one tablespoon of it. (Put a chunk of wax in a glass jar that I melt au bain marie. You can then let it cool inside the jar where I store it for later).
- Mix the turpentine and the linen oil, warm up slightly over the steam of the bain marie (this helps to mix it with the hot beeswax without making lumps and flakes).
- Warm up a bit of coconutoil so it becomes liquid (you can use the bain marie)
- Mix the liquid bees wax and coconut oil and store in a container.
1. **Applying the water-proofing treatment**
- Place the kombucha sheet on a smooth surface for drying
- Apply the coconut oil/beeswax mixture to one side of the kombucha sheet with a brush or with your fingers. Massage it in.
- Let the kombucha sheet dry for a few days
- Peel the sheet off, turn over, and apply the treatment to the other side.
- While both liquids are warm, mix them.
- While still warm: apply to one side of the kombucha sheet with a brush or with your fingers. Massage it in. Doing this over the steam of the bain marie helps to keep it liquid (it solidifies very quickly).
- Let the kombucha sheet dry.
1. **Apply the treatment on the other side**
- When the first side is totally dry, carefully peel the kombucha off the silicone mat or baking paper and flip it so you can treat the other side.
- Reheat the mixture in a bain marie, add another teaspoon of turpentine (it will have evaporated somewhat during the first round).
- Rub it in on the other side and leave to dry again.
1. **Drying**
1. **Drying and pressing**
- Let the sheet dry completely
- Leave to dry again. When the sheet is fully dehydrated, any excess treatment can be wiped off with a paper towel.
- Once dry, press it between baking paper under a stack of heavy books so it becomes totally flat and even.
###Drying/curing/growth process
- Thickness before drying: 5 mm for thin paper-like sheets, 10-15 mm for leather-like material
- Shrinkage thickness 80-90 %
- Thickness before drying: 5 mm for thin paper-like sheets, 8-12 mm for leather-like material
- Shrinkage thickness 70-80%
- Shrinkage width/length 0-10 %
**Shrinkage and deformation control**
......@@ -92,7 +86,7 @@ Do not peel it the kombucha scoby off the silicone mat in between stages. Just l
None, any flexible surface to dry the sheet on will work fine as long as you can peel it off (don't use acrylic or glass sheets, it will get stuck). Use vaseline as release agents for other types of moulds.
**Minimum wait time before releasing from mold**
3 days or when dry
3-5 days or when dry
**Post-processing**
Keep pressed for a few more days. Store dry and flat, add some rice as desiccant.
......@@ -103,9 +97,8 @@ Not sure
###Process pictures
![](../../images/kombuleather_ingredients_NEW.jpg)*Preparing tools and ingredients, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombu_treat_coconut_beeswax.JPG)*Ingredients for the pellicle treatment, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather8.jpg)*Melting the beeswax au bain marie, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather13.jpg)*Applying the warm mixture for the second time (after the top has dried), note: it is easier to do this over the steam of the bain marie to keep it warm and liquid, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather14.jpg)*Two kombucha papers: one that was left alone during the drying process (top), one that was moved and lifted during the drying process (bottom), Loes Bogers, 2020*
###Variations
......@@ -113,7 +106,8 @@ Not sure
- The same process can be used to create more leather-like sheets. Follow the exact same recipe but use a SCOBY that grew into 10-15 mm thickness instead of 3-5mm.
- The kombucha paper takes on the shape it dries in, try drying the paper on top of a mold to let it dry and contract into a 3D shape. Use vaseline as a release agent.
- Dye the pellicle before oiling and drying, by dipping it into a concentrated natural dye. It takes on dye quite well.
- Coconut oil as post-treatment has also been suggested. Rub it into the wet kombucha pellicle. Without a sealant, the kombucha could become sticky if worn in the rain. Full water resistance can be achieved if using acrylic or oil based sealers, but then the material is no longer safely biodegradable.
- Other treatments have been suggested to make the leatherlike pellicles more water resistant. Without a sealant, the kombucha could become sticky if worn in the rain. Full water resistance can be achieved if using acrylic or oil based sealers, but then the material is no longer safely biodegradable. One such variation consists of one part turpentine, one part boiled linseed oil and one part bees wax (see also th34d5 in the references).
- Other alternatives can be found in treatments for wooden chopping boards (food safe!). [Uulki wood oil & wax](https://www.uulki.com/en/shop/uulki-natural-wood-wax-cutting-boards/) is one that creates nice smooth results when applied to the wet pellicle. It's a Belgian product and is 100% vegan (if you don't want to use bees wax), and contains no mineral oils or solvents.
##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
......@@ -138,21 +132,21 @@ thr34d5's recipe is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4
Because the SCOBY scan regrow itself infinitely with a bit of water, tea and sugar, and can be composted, it's a relatively uncontroversial material but still requires resources and more importantly, a lot of time. Especially in colder climates it is tempting to use heating to speed up the growth. As a material, it is still very much in development.
Additives and post-treatments like boiled linseed oil and turpentine are not necessarily eco-friendly products. Chemicals are added to boiled linseed oil to make it dry quicker than raw linseed oil for example. There is room for improvement in the area of techniques and compounds to make the pellicles stronger and more durable.
Other suggested post-treatments may contain boiled linseed oil and turpentine, or mineral oil (e.g. vaseline). These are not eco-friendly products: turpentine and mineral oil are petrol-based (by-products), and boiled linseed oil contains all sort of chemicals for faster drying. There is room for improvement in the area of techniques and compounds to make the pellicles stronger, water resistant and more durable. That said, beeswax might be a no-go as it's an animal product, and coconut oil has been linked to child labour and monkey labour. So always research the sources and production ethics of companies where you are buying.
**Sustainability tags**
- Renewable ingredients: yes
- Vegan: yes
- Made of by-products or waste: yes
- Biocompostable final product: before post-treatment, yes (after treating with turpentine and linseed oil, don't compost)
- Biocompostable final product: yes
- Re-use: you can continue to use SCOBYs to grow more SCOBY, more kombucha, more is more.
Needs further research?: Not sure
##PROPERTIES
- **Strength**: fragile
- **Strength**: variable; paper is more fragile, thicker pellicles are very strong.
- **Hardness**: resilient
- **Transparency**: translucent
- **Glossiness**: matt
......@@ -161,7 +155,7 @@ Needs further research?: Not sure
- **Texture**: medium
- **Temperature**: medium
- **Shape memory**: high
- **Odor**: moderate (the turpentine in the treatment lingers for a while)
- **Odor**: moderate (the smell of fermentation and the treatment linger but largely disappear eventually)
- **Stickiness**: low
- **Weather resistance:** needs further research
- **Acoustic properties:** needs further research
......@@ -169,7 +163,7 @@ Needs further research?: Not sure
- **Non-allergenic:** needs further research
- **Electrical properties:** needs further research
- **Heat resistance:** low
- **Water resistance:** water resistant
- **Water resistance:** water resistant after treatment
- **Chemical resistance:** needs further research
- **Scratch resistance:** moderate
- **Surface friction:** medium
......@@ -211,4 +205,5 @@ Has recipe been validated? Yes, By Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam,
- **Kombucha Fashion** by Cameron Wilson, Peter Musk and Jimmy Eng for the The Edge, State Library of Queensland, n.d. [link](https://wiki.edgeqld.org.au/doku.php?id=workshops:public:kombucha_fashion:start)
- **QUT reveals how you can make your own leather at home** by The Conversation, republished by SmartCompany, 24 November, 2016: [link](https://www.smartcompany.com.au/startupsmart/advice/startupsmart-growth/startupsmart-innovation/qut-reveals-how-you-can-make-your-own-leather-at-home/)
- **From Peel to Peel** by Emma Sicher, n.d. [link](https://frompeeltopeel.tumblr.com/)
- **Palm vs. Coconut Oil: What's the more Sustainable Choice?** by Nithin Coca for *Pulitzer Center*, 8 April 2020, [link](https://pulitzercenter.org/reporting/palm-vs-coconut-oil-whats-more-sustainable-choice)
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