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Commit 15ee2091 authored by Mitalee Parikh's avatar Mitalee Parikh
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fp update

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......@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@ Decisions to make successful growing:
2. Project Proposal
---
**What will it do?**
The machine's purpose is to bridge the gap between large scale production and home practices. Therefore I will try to make all environmental conditions controllable by the user, so they can experiment, record and figure out what works best for different types of plants in different conditions. This machine will be a tool to prototype ideal conditions before scaling for larger production.
Controlled environment vertical farming has in recent years gained recognition as a solid method of sustainability. The system was born out of the challenges affecting the 21st century, specifically issues like food shortage, resource depletion, and overpopulation. The Covid-19 pandemic has also proven the need for self-sustainability and low-km supply chains, which is inherently offered by indoor farming practices.
My final project is a machine/tool for home experimentation of indoor farming. The machine's purpose is to bridge the gap between large scale production and home practices. Therefore I will try to make all environmental conditions controllable by the user, so they can experiment, record and figure out what works best for different types of plants in different conditions. This machine will be a tool to prototype ideal conditions before scaling for larger production.
**Who's done what beforehand?**
I started by learning what work is already done. Both, for the overall project as well as systems in parts.
......@@ -54,9 +55,13 @@ The modularity and the ease-of-use in the [Moltkegarden](https://moltkegarden.co
This [Modular Vertical Farming projects](https://hackaday.io/project/5084-modular-vertical-farming) has an interesting approach to designing a scalable system.
A common project using DHT11 and OLED display to make a [Weather station](https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/herolivechannel/weather-station-arduino-dht11-sensor-oled-display-2f8e50).
And the best reference for everything from a product to a system to developing a community and a business model - [Aquapioneers: business integrating product and services for aquaponic farming](http://aquapioneers.io/)
There are many [generic products](https://www.amazon.com/s?k=hydroponic+planters+for+indoor+plants&crid=3MV6Q4GAC2WCG&sprefix=hydroponic+planter%2Caps%2C518&ref=nb_sb_ss_ts-doa-p_1_18) available in the market as well.
![generic products in market](./images/final-project/generic.png)
**What will you design?**
I will make all fabricatable parts individually using different processes and integrate all them cohesively.
I will make all fabricate-able parts individually using different processes and integrate all them cohesively.
1. A phototransistor to sense daylight intensity and change brightness of the LED growlight accordingly.
2. A temperature and humidity sensor to measure and display values on an OLED screen.
3. Power schematic with 12V DC, 5V DC converted from AC.
......@@ -67,7 +72,7 @@ I will make all fabricatable parts individually using different processes and in
7. Growing seedlings of plants and then putting them in the rockwool to grow more.
8. Designing the PCB and fabricating it, soldering on components, programming the board and testing inputs/outputs
9. Making a 3D model for planning and extracting 2D cutting files.
10. 3D printing parts
10. 3D printing parts - the regulator knobs and some joints if required
**What materials and components will be used? What parts and systems will be made?**
The main body of the machine is made from 3mm acrylic in a frost white finish. Acrylic is not reactive to water, it can be laser cut easily accurately and joints can be waterproof using silicon sealant.
......@@ -80,9 +85,12 @@ I ordered A SSD1306 OLED screen with I2C, a generic sprinkler system, some spina
The major parts of the machine are the body and the net pots, the pump and sprinkler system, the electronics including the inputs/outputs, the PCB and wires.
**Where will come from? How much will they cost?**
I have added all sources and costs of all materials used in the project in this [Bill of Materials File](./images/final-project/v7.bom.xlsx.zip).
![Bill of Materials](./images/final-project/bom.jpg)
**What processes will be used?**
Parts of the machine will incorporate 2D and 3D design, additive and subtractive fabrication processes, electronics design and production, embedded microcontroller interfacing and programming, system integration and packaging.
**CAD** - make 2D for cutting/production files & make a 3D model to plan, animate and render
......@@ -105,6 +113,9 @@ My initial questions during the process were:
**How will it be evaluated?**
The best way to evaluate the project is to successfully grow a plant in it. I made spinach seedlings from seeds and have put them in the machine to grow further. The success will depend on the right temperature, humidity and light conditions.
Here is a picture of the seedlings growing inside the system.
![growing](./images/final-project/trial.png)
3. Project Plan
---
![Spiral Development Plan](./images/final-project/spiral.jpg)
......@@ -118,5 +129,5 @@ Like so, I eventually merge all systems into a single code and try to integrate
3. Important and interesting links
---
I listed out the inputs and outputs to include in the design after studying some similar projects like [POWAR](http://www.pablozuloaga.com/POWAR.html), [Mixoponics](https://fab.academany.org/2020/labs/bahrain/students/muhja-aljaser/projects/final-project/), etc.
A common project using DHT11 and OLED display to make a [Weather station](https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/herolivechannel/weather-station-arduino-dht11-sensor-oled-display-2f8e50).
A common project using DHT11 and OLED display is to make a [Weather station](https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub/herolivechannel/weather-station-arduino-dht11-sensor-oled-display-2f8e50).
And the best reference for everything from a product to a system to developing a community and a business model - [Aquapioneers: business integrating product and services for aquaponic farming](http://aquapioneers.io/)
......@@ -84,14 +84,14 @@ I have answered all questions of the [final project requirements](http://academy
---
[Lasercut file - dxf](./images/final-project/cutting files.zip)
<!--[3D model - 3dm](./images/final-project/finalproject_compact.3dm.zip)-->
[PCB project files](./images/final-project/cutting files.zip)
[PCB project files](./images/final-project/)
[PCB traces - png](./images/final-project/farming-v7-traces.png)
[PCB traces - rml](./images/final-project/farming-v7-traces.rml.zip)
[PCB outline - png](./images/final-project/farming-v7-outline.png)
[PCB outline - rml](./images/final-project/farming-v7-outline.rml.zip)
[3D printing - stl](./images/final-project/knobb1.stl.zip)
[3D printing - gcode](./images/final-project/UM3E_knobb1.gcode.zip)
[Code](./images/final-project/t84_LEDstrip_pump_2pots_dht_oled)
[Code](./images/final-project/pcb project.zip)
6. License
---
......
......@@ -34,8 +34,11 @@ The laser cutter I used at the Lab - a Universal Laser system, had a different k
I designed and made my PCB using an ATtiny44 microcontroller. Early on I figured that all the different libraries I would need to work the DHT11 and the OLED would not fit in the 4k storage space. So I desoldered the 44 and used an ATtiny84, so that nothing would change but the microcontroller. Eventually I discovered the tiny libraries for OLED and DHT - optimal versions of the full libraries and turned out the code used only 4136 bytes of storage space.
I made the first layout of the PCB trying to make it as compact as possible by keeping parts close together and traces more optimised on space. Eventually, I changed the layout of the header pins that connect to all different input/ out puts and matched them to their physical location on the machine. This resulted in a much bigger PCB but a very neat layout of all the wiring. I planned it such that the wiring would neatly stretch on the side of the machine, but Neil suggested using a cable manager instead.
![early layout](./images/final-project/early-final.jpg)
I made the first layout of the PCB trying to make it as compact as possible by keeping parts close together and traces more optimised on space.
![early layout](./images/final-project/early-final.jpg)
Eventually, I changed the layout of the header pins that connect to all different input/ out puts and matched them to their physical location on the machine. This resulted in a much bigger PCB but a very neat layout of all the wiring. I planned it such that the wiring would neatly stretch on the side of the machine, but Neil suggested using a cable manager instead.
![wiring2](./images/final-project/wiring2.jpg)
I also wanted to add a mobile application to control the machine instead of the physical regulators and switches as the last spiral development cycle including a wifi module.
......@@ -110,8 +113,7 @@ Similarly the 12V DC LED growlight strip is connected to the MCU with a n-channe
Next, I use KiCAD to put all these schematics together and begin to design my PCB.
While making the schematic I realise not all sensors and actuators need to be on the PCB itself, some like the pump and the LED and the DHT11 need to be at a different physical location on the designed box, so I need to add header pins and connect them using wires later.
To clarify this, I begin modifying my 3D CAD model on Rhino.
![wiring](./images/final-project/wiring.png)
![wiring2](./images/final-project/wiring2.jpg)
![wiring](./images/final-project/wiring.png)
And then redo the schematic.
![schematic v7](./images/final-project/farming-v7.png)
......@@ -119,9 +121,6 @@ And then redo the schematic.
Next, I generate the Netlist and load it in the pcbnew of KiCAD. I arrange all header pins in a linear fashion so that they do not get jumbled and don't cross each other like in the model.
![3D model](./images/final-project/3Dmodel.jpg)
Some failed attempts:
![]()
After about 7 revisions, changing minor details, I made
Here are the final design files for the board:
......@@ -136,7 +135,9 @@ Testing board
Connecting all inputs and outputs
####Milling the PCB
I followed all the settings and the workflow as described in the [Electronics Prdocution week documentation](./Electronics Production.md) and milled the board:
![milled](./images/final-project/milled-board.jpg)
####Soldering components
After making a 'shopping list' I gathered all components. Most of them were available from the Lab (FabLAb UAE).
......@@ -150,14 +151,14 @@ I was missing a diode. Since this wasn't in the lab, I used a TH component, cut
![TH diode](./images/final-project/diode.jpg)
I also cleaned up the board for copper shards and tested all connections using a multimeter. Beeping all VCC, GND connections to themselves and measuring resistance across al resistors.
![Testing]()
![Testing](./images/final-project/testing.png)
####Wires and wiring
I used ribbon cable and cut them to custom lengths according to the 3D model. And hammered on header pins with 2x rows instead of 1, to make the connections sturdier.
![wires]()
![wires](./images/final-project/wires.png)
####Programming:
I will use the FabISP I made in Electronics Production week as a programmer to program my farming board with all the inputs and outputs.
I will use the FabISP I made in [Electronics Production](./Electronics Production.md) week as a programmer to program my farming board with all the inputs and outputs.
[AVRDUDE](http://www.nongnu.org/avrdude/) is a utility to download/upload/manipulate the ROM and EEPROM contents of AVR microcontrollers using the in-system programming technique (ISP).
......
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