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Commit 97db1850 authored by Loes's avatar Loes
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kombucha paper added

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......@@ -2,178 +2,167 @@
### Tactility & sound impression
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gNOtGunJc2A" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/XaFScq8vYMQ" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
### Description
A (naturally) amber-coloured hard bioresin, gelatin-based.
This is a thin translucent paper-like material, made of a dried kombucha SCOBY.
### Physical form
Solids
Surfaces
Color without additives: transparent, yellow/orange/amber colored.
Color without additives: varies, often yellow/brown-ish
### Fabrication time
Preparation time: 1 Hour
Processing time: 5-10 days
Processing time: 5 days
Need attention: None, just leave it to dry as long as is feasible with lots of airflow.
Need attention: every day
Final form achieved after: 10 days
Final form achieved after: 5 days
## Ingredients
* **Gelatine powder - 96 gr**
* Functions as the polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
* **Glycerine - 16 gr**
* Functions as plasticizer that bonds with the gelatine (makes it flexible).
* **Water - 480 ml/gr**
* To dissolve and mix the polymeer and plasticizer
* **Kombucha SCOBY** - 1 piece of 2-3 mm thickness, grow one with [this recipe](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/kombuchascoby)
* **Turpentine** - 1 tbsp (15 ml) + a little more
* **Beeswax, melted** - 1 tbsp (15 ml)
* **Boiled Linseed/Flax oil** - 1 tbsp (15 ml) you can get the boiled variety that is used as a wood varnish at a hardware story, this is not the same as the one from the supermarket.
## Tools
1. **Cooker or stove** (optional: temperature controlled)
1. **Pot**
1. **Scale**
1. **Moulds** (ideally with removeable base to increase airflow). I have modular silicon walls with metal wire inside them that allow me to cast and then turn the moulds on their side for more airflow and drying from top and bottom. I use a silicon or acrylic sheet with these mould walls.
1. **Spoon**
1. **Gloves**
1. **Mask**
1. **A glass jar**, to mix the treatment
1. **A pot**, big enough to put the glass jar in (bain marie)
1. **A spoon**, for stirring
1. **A cooker**
1. **A silicone mat**, to dry the paper on, baking paper also works.
1. Optional: a brush
## Yield before processing/drying/curing
Approx. 300 ml (make sure to evaporate a lot of water during cooking time)
One sheet of kombucha paper.
## Method
1. **Preparation**
1. **Preparing the after-treatment for a kombucha sheet**
- Wear gloves and a mask, this process creates fumes that are not very pleasant nor healthy, work in a well-ventilated area.
- Take the kombucha sheet out of its bath and dry it off with some kitchen paper. Put it on the silicone mat. Some kombucha SCOBY's will be a bit uneven and might have a hole or a tear. You can rearrange it a bit and put these bits back together, in the drying process these parts will reattach if they're overlapping.
- Melt the beeswax so you can take one tablespoon of it. (Put a chunk of wax in a glass jar that I melt au bain marie. You can then let it cool inside the jar where I store it for later).
- Mix the turpentine and the linen oil, warm up slightly over the steam of the bain marie (this helps to mix it with the hot beeswax without making lumps and flakes).
- Weigh your ingredients
- Prepare the mold and find a place where you can leave it for a while, ideally near an open window where there's air flow.
1. **Apply the treatment**
1. **Mixing and dissolving the ingredients**
- bring the water to the boil
- optional: add natural dye if you wish to use color
- add the glycerine
- add the gelatine
- keep the temperature below 80 degrees celcius while stirring *very very slowly and gently* to avoid making bubbles. I prefer a simple spoon to do this, not a whisk.
- While both liquids are warm, mix them.
- While still warm: apply to one side of the kombucha sheet with a brush or with your fingers. Massage it in. Doing this over the steam of the bain marie helps to keep it liquid (it solidifies very quickly).
- Let the kombucha sheet dry.
1. **Cooking the ingredients**
1. **Apply the treatment on the other side**
- Simmer and slowly stir the mixture between 60-80 degrees celcius for at least 20 minutes or up to an hour. Turn it lower when bubbles appear: you don't want the liquid to move, don't boil it. This sample has some bubbles due to vigorous mixing.
- Longer cooking time allows more water to evaporate. You will get a thicker liquid. To cast larger volumes and solids with this recipe, evaporate a lot of water, until it's very thick.
1. **Casting**
- When the first side is totally dry, carefully peel the kombucha off the silicone mat or baking paper and flip it so you can treat the other side.
- Reheat the mixture in a bain marie, add another teaspoon of turpentine (it will have evaporated somewhat during the first round).
- Rub it in on the other side and leave to dry again.
- Let the liquid cool for a couple minutes until it gels a little but is still liquid and pourable.
- Cast into the mould slowly to avoid bubbles
- Pour from the middle and hold still, let the liquid distribute itself.
- Put the mould away to dry in a cool place with lots of air flow (like near an open window). A warmer place might speed up the drying process but also allow bacteria to grow faster and can result in fungal growth.
- If the mould has a removable base, remove it after 4-8 hours and put the mould on its side to allow air flow from both sides.
- When using a flexible mould: let it dry without releasing to keep the form as much as possible. The resin will likely shrink and release itself from the mold. If it feels cold to the touch it is still drying. If you are using a rigid mold: release after 4-8 hours and dry flat.
1. **Drying**
- Let the sheet dry completely
- Once dry, press it between baking paper under a stack of heavy books so it becomes totally flat and even.
### Drying/curing/growth process
- Mold depth: 7 cm (filled up until 2.5cm high)
- Shrinkage thickness: 20-30 %
- Shrinkage width/length: 20-30 %
[Free text]
- Mold depth (surfaces and solids) or diameter (strings): [number] mm
- Shrinkage thickness [number] %
- Shrinkage width/length [number] %
**Shrinkage and deformation control**
Letting it dry up to ten days to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly harden until its totally rigid.
Do not peel it the kombucha scoby off the silicone mat in between stages. Just let it be to get a very flat sheet. It will start to curl if you take it off the mat and manipulate it a lot.
**Curing agents and release agents**
None.
None, any flexible surface to dry the sheet on will work fine as long as you can peel it off (don't use acrylic or glass sheets, it will get stuck).
**Minimum wait time before releasing from mold**
Using a silicon mold: 7 days (or until it comes undone)
3 days or when dry
**Post-processing**
Store in a dry and ventilated room.
Keep pressed for a few more days. Store dry and flat.
**Further research needed on drying/curing/growth?**
Casting larger volumes without growing fungus/mold, and limited warping can be challenging. Fillers like debris or egg shells can help. More research can be done on ideal conditions for drying larger volumes.
The resin does not cure evenly across the surface, some might be negotiated by shaving off some slides while it is still relatively soft and flexible.
Not sure
### Process
![](../../images/resin5a.jpg)*Evaporating water until the liquid is thick like honey, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/resin5.jpg)*Preparing molds for small half domes (egg cups), and a big slab (silicon mould and separate base), Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/resin6.jpg)*Casting the resin (I had to put a weight on top to press the mold into the base and prevent leakage, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/resin8.jpg)*Putting the mold on its side next to open window to allow further drying from top and bottom, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather7.jpg)*Preparing tools and ingredients, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather8.jpg)*Melting the beeswax au bain marie, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather13.jpg)*Applying the warm mixture for the second time (after the top has dried), note: it is easier to do this over the steam of the bain marie to keep it warm and liquid, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/kombuleather14.jpg)*Two kombucha papers: one that was left alone during the drying process (top), one that was moved and lifted during the drying process (bottom), Loes Bogers, 2020*
## Variations on this recipe
- Add a **natural colorant** such as a vegetable dye or water-based ink (e.g. hibiscus, beetroot, madder)
- Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid foil
- **Stiffeners** such as fibres, yarn or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
- **Fillers** such as almond or sunflower oil, can be added to prevent additional shrinkage but might affect stickyness.
- The same process can be used to create more leather-like sheets. Follow the exact same recipe but use a SCOBY that grew into 10 mm thickness instead of 2-3mm.
- The kombucha paper takes on the shape it dries in, try drying the paper on top of a mold.
- Try out different treatments for the kombucha, such as coconut oil or other natural and essential oils.
### Cultural origins of this recipe
Bioplastic production is older than petrol based plastics. In 1500 BC, people in Egypt were already using glues based on gelatin, casein and albumin for furniture constructions. Gelatin casting as a technique has also been used in production of jelly-based foods such as aspic, jelly desserts and candy.
[Free text]
**Needs further research?** Not sure
**Needs further research?** Yes/No/Not sure
### References this recipe draws from
[Notes]
- **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
- **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3)
### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
### Known concerns and contestations\*
- **Open Source Kombucha**, by thr34d5. n.d., [link](https://thr34d5.org/2019/08/28/open-source-kombucha/)
- **Biofabricating Materials** by Cecilia Raspanti for Fabricademy 2019-2020: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/)
Needs further research
### Known concerns and contestations\*
Gelatin is an animal-based ingredient. Some might find it problematic to use resources that requires killing an animal because of religious or animal welfare beliefs. Arguments are also made that as long as there's a meat industry, it is better to use product from the entire animal, including skin and bones. Some might consider gelatin to be a product that comes from a waste stream, but this is considered controversial by others.
Yes/No/Needs further research
Acrylic (for the mold) is a petrol based plastic but results in very shiny foils and sheets and can be reused endlessly for casting high quality bioplastic sheets.
[Describe them here free text]
Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have to travel long distances by plane, boat or truck: it takes fuel. Also, the effects of GMO technologies and pesticides can be harmful to the environment and it's worth using knowing the source and production standards involved. If you can afford it, buying organic ingredients is a good starting point.
### Sustainability tags
- Renewable ingredients: yes
- Vegan: no
- Made of by-products or waste: no
- Vegan: yes
- Made of by-products or waste: no
- Biocompostable final product: yes
- Reuse: yes, by melting and recasting
- Re-use: no
Needs further research?: not sure
Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Recycling them with PET plastics contaminates the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
Needs further research?: Not sure
## Material properties
### Comparative qualities
This resin is dense and rather heavy, but not rock hard like synthetic epoxy or cold like glass. It keeps certain level of bounciness to it.
The kombucha paper is translucent, sometimes with visible traces of the yeast and bacteria strings. The color varies with the liquid the SCOBY was grown in. It is comparable to parchment paper or tracing paper in terms of sound and translucence, but has less uniform shape, thickness and color.
### Technical and sensory properties
- **Strength**: strong
- **Hardness**: rigid
- **Transparency**: transparent
- **Strength**: fragile
- **Hardness**: resilient
- **Transparency**: translucent
- **Glossiness**: matt
- **Weight**: heavy
- **Weight**: light
- **Structure**: closed
- **Texture**: medium
- **Temperature**: medium
- **Shape memory**: high
- **Odor**: moderate in final product, high during production
- **Odor**: moderate (the turpentine in the treatment lingers for a while)
- **Stickiness**: low
- **Weather resistance:** low
- **Weather resistance:** needs further research
- **Acoustic properties:** needs further research
- **Anti-bacterial:** needs further research
- **Non-allergenic:** needs further research
......@@ -185,37 +174,34 @@ This resin is dense and rather heavy, but not rock hard like synthetic epoxy or
- **Surface friction:** medium
- **Color modifiers:** none
## About this entry
### Maker(s) of this sample
### Maker of this sample
- Name: Loes Bogers
- Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
- Location: Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Date: 06-03-2020 – 16-03-2020
- Date: 13-03-2020]20-03-2020]
### Environmental conditions
- Humidity: not sure
- Outside temp: 5-11 degrees Celcius
- Room temp: 18 – 22 degrees Celcius
- PH tap water: 7-8
### Recipe validation
Has recipe been validated? Yes
Has recipe been validated?
Yes
By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
2,56 Euros for a yield of approx 300 ml
### Local supplier/sourcing info
0,64 Euros, for a yield of one piece of paper
Gelatin powder - Jacob Hooy (online retailers)
Glycerine 1.23 - Orphi/Chempropack (online retailers)
Molds - Houseware stores, thrift shops
## Copyright information
......@@ -225,20 +211,19 @@ Yes
### This recipe was previously published by someone else
Yes, in: **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
Yes, this is a variation (using thinner SCOBY to create paper) on **Open Source Kombucha**, by thr34d5. n.d., [link](https://thr34d5.org/2019/08/28/open-source-kombucha/)
##References
- **The Secrets of Bioplastic** by Clara Davis (Fabtex, IAAC, Fab Lab Barcelona), 2017, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/the_secrets_of_bioplastic_).
- **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3)
- **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
- **Open Source Kombucha**, by thr34d5. n.d., [link](https://thr34d5.org/2019/08/28/open-source-kombucha/)
- **Biofabricating Materials** by Cecilia Raspanti for Fabricademy 2019-2020: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/)
## Images of final product
### Images of final product
![](../../images/finalpics-29.jpg)*Bioresin slab, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/finalpics-14.jpg)*Kombucha paper, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/finalpics-30.jpg)*Bioresin slab, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/finalpics-13.jpg)*Kombucha paper, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/finalpics-37.jpg)*Bioresin slab and half dome, Loes Bogers, 2020*
![](../../images/finalpics-15.jpg)*Kombucha paper, Loes Bogers, 2020*
# KOMBUCHA SCOBY
### Tactility & sound impression
### Description
This is a living microbial culture also called a kombucha SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria and Yeast) that can be used to transform
### Physical form
Surfaces
Color without additives: varies, often yellow/brown-ish
### Fabrication time
Preparation time: 1 Hour
Processing time: 5 days
Need attention: every day
Final form achieved after: 5 days
## Ingredients
* **Kombucha drink with live culture (raw), without flavouring**
* used here: Yaya Kombucha Original (Ekoplaza supermarket)
* 330 ml or more
* we will cultivate the live bacteria in the drink and grow them into a solid SCOBY
* **[Ingredient ] [optional or not?]**
* Amount: [number]
* [Function, e.g. plasticizer]
* **[Ingredient ] [optional or not?]**
* Amount: [number]
* [Function, e.g. plasticizer]
* vinegar if your water is alkaline
## Tools
1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
Alcohol to sterilize everything!
## Yield before processing/drying/curing
Approx. [number] [unit]
## Method
1. **[Step 1]**
- [Free text]
- [Free text]
1. **[Step 1]**
- [Free text]
- [Free text]
1. **[Step 1]**
- [Free text]
- [Free text]
### Drying/curing/growth process
[Free text]
- Mold depth (surfaces and solids) or diameter (strings): [number] mm
- Shrinkage thickness [number] %
- Shrinkage width/length [number] %
**Shrinkage and deformation control**
[Free text]
**Curing agents and release agents**
[Free text]
**Minimum wait time before releasing from mold**
[number] [select hours/days]
**Post-processing**
[text]
**Further research needed on drying/curing/growth?**
Yes/No/Not sure
[Notes]
### Process
![](../images/yourimage1.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage2.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage3.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage4.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage5.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
## Variations on this recipe
- Kombucha SCOBY can grow in many different liquids (wine, beer, green/black tea) that each give a different color to the SCOBY as well. Natural colorants can be added to the tea (such as hibiscus, beetroot etc).
- Try out different treatments for the kombucha, such as coconut oil or other natural and essential oils.
### Cultural origins of this recipe
[Free text]
**Needs further research?** Yes/No/Not sure
[Notes]
### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
- **[Title of publication 1]** by [First + Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [Publication name or channel], [YYYY], [link](put URL here).
### Known concerns and contestations\*
Yes/No/Needs further research
[Describe them here free text]
### Sustainability tags
- Renewable ingredients: yes/no/needs further research
- Vegan: yes/no/needs further research
- Made of by-products or waste: yes/no/needs further research
- Biocompostable final product: yes/no/needs further research
- Re-use: [free text]
Needs further research?: Yes/No/Not sure
[Notes]
## Material properties
### Comparative qualities
[150 words]
### Technical and sensory properties
- **Strength**: fragile/medium/strong/variable
- **Hardness**: rigid/resilient/flexible/variable
- **Transparency**: opaque/translucent/transparent/variable
- **Glossiness**: glossy/matt/satin/variable
- **Weight**: light/medium/heavy
- **Structure**: closed/open/variable
- **Texture**: rough/medium/smooth/variable
- **Temperature**: cool/medium/warm/variable
- **Shape memory**: low/medium/high/variable
- **Odor**: none/moderate/strong/variable
- **Stickiness**: low/medium/high/variable
- **Weather resistance:** poor/medium/high/needs further research
- **Acoustic properties:** absorbing/reflecting/needs further research
- **Anti-bacterial:** yes/no/needs further research
- **Non-allergenic:** yes/no/needs further research
- **Electrical properties:** yes/no/needs further research
- **Heat resistance:** low/medium/high/needs further research
- **Water resistance:** low/water resistant/waterproof/needs further research
- **Chemical resistance:** low/medium/high/needs further research
- **Scratch resistance:** poor/moderate/high/needs further research
- **Surface friction:** sliding/medium/braking/variable
- **Color modifiers:** alkaline/acidic/copper/iron/none
## About this entry
### Maker of this sample
- Name: Loes Bogers
- Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
- Location: Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Date: [DD-MM-YYYY] – DD-MM-YYYY]
### Environmental conditions
- Humidity: not sure
- Outside temp: 5-11 degrees Celcius
- Room temp: 18 – 22 degrees Celcius
- PH tap water: 7-8
### Recipe validation
Has recipe been validated?
Yes
By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
*including use of disposables likegloves*
0,64 Euros, for a yield of one piece of paper
### Local supplier/sourcing info
[free text]
## Copyright information
### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
Yes/No/Needs further research\*
### This recipe was previously published by someone else
Yes/No/Needs further research\*
If yes, please refer to the original:
[Title of publication 1] by [First Name, Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [YYYY], [Publication name or channel],[link](put URL here).
If no, please state that you agree to publish this recipe under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA 2.0) license
**By submitting this recipe I agree to publish it under a CC BY-SA 2.0 Creative Commons license. Please mention to these details for attributions:**
[Title of publication 1] by [First Name, Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [YYYY], [Publication name or channel],[link](put URL here).
##References
- **[Title of publication 1]** by [First + Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [Publication name or channel], [YYYY], [link](put URL here).
### Images of final product
![](../images/yourimage1.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage2.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
![](../images/yourimage3.jpg)*Caption, Image credit, Year*
docs/images/finalpics-13.jpg

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......@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ Other arguments:
- cultural/historical perspective incl contestations
- including technical and sensory specifics
- tactile / sound demo often lacking but very necessary
-
##Who?
......@@ -109,21 +109,22 @@ Anyone dedicated to biofabricating materials and some experience in at least one
| 13 | Re-used PLA scraps | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-61.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/recycledPLA) |
| 14 | Alum crystal silk | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-5.jpg/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk) |
| 15| Borax crystals | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-10.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/boraxcrystals) |
| 16| Kombucha paper | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-14.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchapaper) |
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| 18 | Tanned fish skin | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-76.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/fishskin) |
| 19| Madder dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-88.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/madderdye) |
| 20| Copper oxide | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-93.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/copperoxide) |
| 21 | Red cabbage dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-101.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/cabbagedye) |
| 22 | Coffee waste dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-119.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/coffeedye) |
| 23 | Bacterial dye on silk | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-124.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/bacterialdye) |
| 24 | Flower paper | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-127.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/flowerpaper) |
| 25 | Avocado stone dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-136.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/avodye) |
| 26 | Yellow onion skin dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-143.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/oniondye) |
| 27 | Beetroot dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-157.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/beetrootdye) |
| 28 | Hibiscus dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-162.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/hibiscusdye) |
| 29 | PH modifiers for biochromes | €0,00 | ![](../images/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
| 30 | Coffee waste leather | €0,00 | ![](../images/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
| 16| Kombucha SCOBY | €0,00 | ![](../images/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchascoby) |
| 17| Kombucha paper | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-14.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchapaper) |
| 18 | Overripe mango leather | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-20.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/mangoleather) |
| 19 | Tanned fish skin | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-76.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/fishskin) |
| 20| Madder dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-88.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/madderdye) |
| 21| Copper oxide | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-93.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/copperoxide) |
| 22 | Red cabbage dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-101.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/cabbagedye) |
| 23 | Coffee waste dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-119.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/coffeedye) |
| 24 | Bacterial dye on silk | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-124.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/bacterialdye) |
| 25 | Flower paper | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-127.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/flowerpaper) |
| 26 | Avocado stone dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-136.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/avodye) |
| 27 | Yellow onion skin dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-143.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/oniondye) |
| 28 | Beetroot dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-157.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/beetrootdye) |
| 29 | Hibiscus dye | €0,00 | ![](../images/finalpics-162.jpg) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/hibiscusdye) |
| 30 | PH modifiers for biochromes | €0,00 | ![](../images/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
| 31 | Coffee waste leather | €0,00 | ![](../images/) | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
......
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