docs/files/presentation.md

+#Final presentation
+
+##Slides
+
+<iframe src="https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/e/2PACX-1vTMDmGl83b2ylicuzsJ4lrWZ8cewbQzKEd9uZ7zYR9AhnFOyPg1-3dAETjhSaTDI-_zQ_o1cH8GDP-e/embed?start=false&loop=false&delayms=60000" frameborder="0" width="600" height="366" allowfullscreen="true" mozallowfullscreen="true" webkitallowfullscreen="true"></iframe>
+
+##Product video
+
+<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FIOPSd76PNg?controls=0" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>

docs/files/recipes/agarcomposite.md

@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ Not sure
 
 ###Variations
 
-- Substitute part of the water with a dye
+- Substitute part of the water with a (neutral to alkaline) dye. The PH of the cooked agar mixture is about PH 9-10. Making the mixture very acidic changes the structure of the polysaccharide, resulting in a weaker more brittle bioplastic.
 - Try or design different molds to create big spatial structures and objects
 - Use different fibres as enforcement. Other *natural* fibres may be continuous/discontinuous ([long fibres like yarns](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/alginatenet/), strings or hair. Or they can be short fibres that are chopped like wood chips, [egg shells](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/biolino/), leather leftovers), particles or even braided and woven fibres like the cotton used here. Collagen, cellulose, silks, and chitin are the types found in nature. 
 - Use a different matrix: biomaterials like beeswax or animal glue for example are thermoformable matrices (the ones you can form with the help of heat). And setting matrixes like bio epoxies, white glue (made of flour), alginate, gelatin and starch-based plastics, mycelium and kombucha.   
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ Sustainability concerns are largely determined by the choice of constituent mate
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste: no
 - Biocompostable final product:  yes
-- Re-use: not sure for a composite, agar by itself can be melted by reheating it with a little water
+- Re-use: the plain agar recipe without additional additives can be melted by reheating it (add a splash of water if necessary), reusing a composite depends on the materials used. This composite can be formed and reformed over and over.
 
 Needs further research?:  Not sure
 
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/agarfoil.md

@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ Before processing/drying/curing: approx. 200 ml
 
 Allow the foil to dry for a week for best results (or 3 days minimum). If you don't peel it off the surface it will shrink much less in width/length.
 
-- Mold depth: 					1.5-2.5 mm
-- Shrinkage thickness       30-50 %
-- Shrinkage width/length    10-20 %
+- Mold depth: 				1.5-2.5 mm
+- Shrinkage thickness       40-60 %
+- Shrinkage width/length    5-10% %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ Not sure
 
 ###Variations
 
-- Substitute part of the water with a dye
+- Substitute part of the water with a (neutral to alkaline) dye. The PH of the cooked agar mixture is about PH 9-10. Making the mixture very acidic changes the structure of the polysaccharide, resulting in a weaker more brittle bioplastic.
 - Add less glycerine for a more rigid, stiff foil 
 - Add fillers (debris, coffee waste) or fibres to make a composite, see also the [agar composite recipe](./agarcomposite.md)). 
 
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ In cooking, agar is known as the vegan and halal alternative to animal-based gel
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste: no
 - Biocompostable final product:  yes, in 2-4 months
-- Re-use: yes, the agar can be melted by reheating it with a little water
+- Re-use: yes, the agar can be melted by reheating it (with a little water if necessary)
 
 Needs further research?:  Not sure
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/alginatefoil.md

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ Approx. 100 ml of calcium chloride 10% solution that can be used for any alginat
 ###Drying/curing/growth process
 
 - Mold depth:  				N/A
-- Shrinkage thickness:      20-30 %
+- Shrinkage thickness:      40-60 %
 - Shrinkage width/length:   10-20 %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
@@ -195,6 +195,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/alginatenet.md

@@ -219,6 +219,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/alginatestring.md

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ Approx. 300 ml of calcium chloride 10% solution that can be used for any alginat
 	- Weigh your ingredients for the alginate plastic (alginate, glycerine, water, sunflower oil). Optional: use a diluted natural dye instead of water in the same amount for a colored plastic.
 	- Put the oil, alginate and glycerine in a blender and add a dash of the water. Blend into a thick and homogenous paste. Then add the rest of the water and blend again (this is to avoid lumps).
 	- Leave the mixture overnight to allow the bubbles to come to the surface and pop.
-	- Make the calcium chloride solution by dissolving 10 gr in 100 gr hot water. Put some in a spray bottle and store the rest in a jar: this is your calcium chloride bath.
+	- Make the calcium chloride solution by dissolving 30 gr in 300 gr hot water. Put some in a spray bottle and store the rest in a jar: this is your calcium chloride bath.
 
 1. **Extruding**
 	- prepare the work space by putting out your calcium chloride bath and spray, an empty jar to wrap the string around, a syringe and your alginate mixture.
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ Approx. 300 ml of calcium chloride 10% solution that can be used for any alginat
 ###Drying/curing/growth process
 
 - Syringe diameter:  		2-5 mm
-- Shrinkage thickness:      20-30 %
+- Shrinkage thickness:      30-60 %
 - Shrinkage width/length:   N/A
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
@@ -214,6 +214,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ##GENERAL INFORMATION
 
-Alum crystals - that have triangular facets - grown on a silk substrate. The technique used here is called *precipitation from a solution*. Alum crystals are clear and faceted with great definition so they are often compared to diamonds. However these can get so big that it is not really credible that they are diamonds, but they play with light in similar ways.
+Alum crystals - that have triangular facets - grown on a silk substrate. The technique used here is called *crystallization*. Alum crystals are clear and faceted with great definition so they are often compared to diamonds. However these can get so big that it is not really credible that they are diamonds, but they play with light in similar ways.
 
 **Physical form**
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Final form achieved after: 1 day
 
 ###Ingredients
 
-* **Alum powder (also: potassium aluminium sulfate, potash alum, or  - 125 g** (plus some more just in case)
+* **Alum powder - 125 g** (potassium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate), plus some more just in case
 	* we will try to reorganize these molecules into crystals. 
 * **Water - 400 ml/gr**
 	* To dissolve the alum powder and reorganize into a crystal 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ Unlike diamonds, borax and alum crystals can be regrown into different constella
 - Renewable ingredients: no
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  no
 - Reuse: yes, dissolve and regrow in hot water
 
 Needs further research?:  yes, local producers seem reluctant to share sourcing information about these products. It is unclear where it comes from, whether it is natural or synthetic and what kind of mining practices are involved. 
@@ -207,6 +207,7 @@ Needs further research?:  yes, local producers seem reluctant to share sourcing
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/bacterialdye.md

@@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ Serratia Marcescens has been associated with some forms of biological warfare. S
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product: yes, (rip silk to shreds for home composting for more points of contact).
 - Re-use: the inoculated bacteria strain can be used and grown again and again endlessly if it is kept alive or stored in the freezer on a glycerine stock. The pigment may be continually harvested to store as an ink or dye. 
 
 Needs further research?:  not sure
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ Needs further research?:  not sure
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/bananaclay.md

@@ -2,15 +2,16 @@
 
 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/96nT6wQYAoI" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 
+
 ##GENERAL INFORMATION
 
-A fibrous, clay-like material made from banana peels. Although technically this would be considered a polymeer, the look and feel of this material is clay like and has a rough surface: like a clay with fibres added to it. It smells very strong during cooking, much less after drying. It smells and feels a little similar to rubber, maybe slightly earthier. 
+A fibrous, clay-like material made from banana peels. Although technically this might be considered a polymeer, the look and feel of this material is clay like and has a rough surface: like a clay with fibres added to it. It smells very strong during cooking, much less after drying. It smells and feels a little similar to rubber, maybe slightly earthier. 
 
 **Physical form**
 
 Surfaces 
 
-Color without additives: dark brown with lighter strands of fibre
+Color without additives: dark brown
 
 **Fabrication time**
 
@@ -30,9 +31,9 @@ Final form achieved after: 1 week
 
 ###Ingredients
 
-* **banana peels - 7 pcs** mush scraped out, stems chopped off, you can dry them while collecting. Once boiled they get sticky. The starch is the polymer, the fibres give strength to the material. 
+* **banana peels - 7 pcs** stems chopped off, you can dry them while collectinga batch. Once boiled they get sticky. The starch is the polymer, the fibres give strength to the material. 
 * **white vinegar - 50 ml**
-* **1 tbsp soda ash** - to rinse and break down the banana peel
+* **1 tbsp soda ash** (sodium carbonate Na2CO3), to rinse and break down the banana peel
 * **white vinegar (part two) - 30 ml**
 * **glycerine - 15 gr** plasticizer (to make it more flexible)
 
@@ -58,34 +59,37 @@ Approx. 75 grams (when wet)
 ###Method
 
 1. **Preparing the banana peels**
-	- Remove the pulp if you haven't done so, and cut off the stems, they're very hard to puree.
-	- Cut the peels into smaller pieces
+	- Cut off the stems, they're hard to puree as finely as the peel
+	- Cut the peels into smaller pieces (you can also use them as a whole, this will be harder to puree but give you a rougher finish with visible fibres)
 	- Boil in water with 50 ml vinegar and soda ash for about 30 minutes or until totally soft. The smell will be very strong and the banana peels will be very sticky. 
 
 1. **Puree and rest**	
+	- strain the banana peels but keep some of the liquid. 
+	- puree them in a blender with a bit of of the cooking liquid
 	- put the puree in a bowl of cold water, add 30 ml of vinegar and leave to soak for 2 hours. 
 
 1. **Straining**
 	- strain the puree in a strainer, puree again if it's still very rough
 	- then put in a cheesecloth or towel and press the majority of the water out.
 	- mix in the glycerine
-	- put it on a surface and flatten it (with a rolling pin, or with your hands). Keep it pressed under heavy objects (like books) for a couple hours. 
+	- put it on a surface and flatten it (with a rolling pin, or with your hands). 
 
 1. **Baking the clay**
-	- then put the slab in the oven for 30 mins at 130 degrees Celcius
+	- put the clay in the oven for 30 mins at 130 degrees Celcius
 
 1. **Air drying the slab (min. 3 days)**
-	- Leave to air dry for 3 at least 3 days, alternate drying and pressing with a stack of books.
+	- Keep it pressed under heavy objects (like books) for a couple hours or overnight, right after the oven time 
+	- Then leave to air dry for at least 3 days, alternate drying and pressing with a stack of books every few hours
 	- Trim fraying edges with scissors before the slab is completely dry and hard. 
 
 
 ###Drying/curing/growth process
 
-The air drying phase of at least three days is crucial here. The slab will still be very moist after the oven time. It will be fragile when you take it out but gets a lot stronger as it air dries. 
+The pressing after oven time and air drying phase of at least three days is crucial here. The slab will still be very moist after the oven time. It will be fragile when you take it out but gets a lot stronger as it air dries. 
 
 - Mold depth (surfaces and solids) or diameter (strings):  5 mm
-- Shrinkage thickness       20-30 %
-- Shrinkage width/length     0-10 %
+- Shrinkage thickness       30-50 %
+- Shrinkage width/length    20-30 %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
@@ -119,6 +123,25 @@ Not sure, the function of the vinegar and soda ash is not entirely clear and cou
 ![](../../images/bananaclay5.jpg)*The top after pressing and baking, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 ![](../../images/bananaclay7.jpg)*The bottom after pressing and baking, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
+**For reference**
+
+This is what the clay looks like if you do chop the banana peels into pieces before boiling: much finer, no visible fibres. 
+
+![](../../images/bananav2_0.JPG)*Chopped peels boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav21.jpg)*Squeezing the liquid out of the paste after soaking, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav22.jpg)*Clay where the banana peels have been chopped before boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav25.jpg)*Clay where the banana peels have been chopped before boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav26.jpg)*Clay where the banana peels have been chopped before boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav210.jpg)*Clay where the banana peels have been chopped before boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/bananav214.jpg)*Clay where the banana peels have been chopped before boiling, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+
 ###Variations
 
 - Use a 3D mould for to make 3D objects
@@ -207,7 +230,7 @@ Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  11-15 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18-22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8
@@ -218,11 +241,13 @@ Has recipe been validated? Not yet.
 
 **Images of the final sample**
 
-![](../../images/finalpics-188.jpg)*Banana peel clay, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/finalpics-188.jpg)*Banana peel clay (not cut before cooking), Loes Bogers, 2020*
+
+![](../../images/finalpics-189.jpg)*Banana peel clay (not cut before cooking), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/finalpics-189.jpg)*Banana peel clay, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/finalpics-190.jpg)*Banana peel clay (not cut before cooking), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/finalpics-190.jpg)*Banana peel clay, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/finalpics-196.jpg)*Banana peel clay (cut before cooking), much finer texture, visible no fibres, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
 ##REFERENCES

docs/files/recipes/biofoam.md

@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ Peel it off the mold after 48-72 hours. The foam should not feel cold to the tou
 
 - Mold depth:  3 mm
 - Shrinkage thickness:       30-50 %
-- Shrinkage width/length:    0-10 %
+- Shrinkage width/length:    5-10 %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
@@ -176,10 +176,10 @@ Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials is not allowed in the EU)
 - Re-use: melt with heat and a splash of water, and recast
 
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. 
 
 Needs further research?:  not sure
 
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ Needs further research?:  not sure
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8
@@ -230,7 +230,7 @@ Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam,
 
 **Images of the final sample**
 
-![](../../images/finalpics-16_foam.jpg)*Biofoam (gelatin-based), Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/finalpics-16_foam_GOOD.jpg)*Biofoam (gelatin-based), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-17_foam.jpg)*Biofoam (gelatin-based), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 

docs/files/recipes/biofoilextraflexible.md

@@ -70,6 +70,7 @@ Approx. 200 ml before drying/processng
 
 	- 	Simmer and slowly stir the mixture between 60-80 degrees celcius for 20 minutes. I turn it lower when I get bubbles. You don't want the liquid to move, don't boil it.
 	-  Longer cooking time allows more water to evaporate. You will get a thicker, more syruppy liquid that spreads slower: resulting in a thicker sheet. 
+	-  Optional: if you have access to one: use a **vibrating table** or a **vacuum chamber** to allow bubbles to come to the surface and pop, so you don't have bubbles in your plastic. 
 
 1. **Casting**
 
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ Approx. 200 ml before drying/processng
 Peel it off the mold after 48-72 hours (enjoy the sound it makes!)
 - Mold depth:  N/A
 - Shrinkage thickness:       30-50 %
-- Shrinkage width/length:    0-10 %
+- Shrinkage width/length:    5-10 %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
@@ -208,7 +209,7 @@ Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some wa
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/biolino.md

-#BIOLINOLEUM
+# BIOLINOLEUM
 
 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cZIIQKz5wYI" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ In short: not all plastics are petrol-based. Henry Ford experimented with plasti
 
 **Needs further research?**   Not sure
 
-### References this recipe draws from
+###Key sources
 
 - **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (TextileLab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating Materials", 2017-2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
 - **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3) 
@@ -167,12 +167,12 @@ Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  partially (only the egg shell filler)
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials is not allowed in the EU)
 - Reuse: needs further research
 
 Needs further research?:  can this be remelted and reused?
 
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. 
 
 ##PROPERTIES
 
@@ -210,6 +210,7 @@ Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some wa
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/bioresin.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Processing time: 5-10 days
 
 Need attention: None, just leave it to dry as long as is feasible with lots of airflow.
 
-Final form achieved after: 10 days
+Final form achieved after: 14 days
 
 **Estimated cost (consumables)**
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ Approx. 300 ml (make sure to evaporate a lot of water during cooking time)
 1. **Cooking the ingredients**
 
 	- 	Simmer and slowly stir the mixture between 60-80 degrees celcius for at least 20 minutes or up to an hour. Turn it lower when bubbles appear: you don't want the liquid to move, don't boil it. 
-	-  Longer cooking time allows more water to evaporate. You will get a thicker liquid. To cast larger volumes and solids with this recipe, evaporate a lot of water, until it's very thick. Sometimes it's worth reheating and melting scraps, they've already dissipated a lot of water and result in nice castings.
+	-  Longer cooking time allows more water to evaporate and will dramatically reduce shrinkage of the casted object. You will get a thicker liquid. To cast larger volumes and solids with this recipe, evaporate a lot of water, until it's very very thick. Sometimes it's worth reheating and melting scraps, they've already dissipated a lot of water and result in nice castings.
 	-  If froth appears on top of your liquid and doesn't go away, you can use a coffee filter to absorb it by covering the surface with it and then taking it off. In cooking this is called a *cartouche*, you can also make one from kitchen paper. Take a round coffee filter that fits into your pot. Absorb additional froth using some kitchen paper. 
 	
 1. **Casting**
@@ -83,12 +83,12 @@ Approx. 300 ml (make sure to evaporate a lot of water during cooking time)
 ###Drying/curing/growth process
 
 - Mold depth:  				 7 cm (filled up until 2.5cm high)
-- Shrinkage thickness:      10-20 %
-- Shrinkage width/length:   10-20 %
+- Shrinkage thickness:      5-15 %
+- Shrinkage width/length:   5-15 %
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
-Letting it dry up to ten days to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly harden until its totally rigid. 
+Letting it dry up to 2 weeks to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly harden until its totally rigid. 
 
 **Curing agents and release agents**
 
@@ -132,6 +132,7 @@ The resin does not cure evenly across the surface, some might be negotiated by s
 - Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid plastic
 - **Stiffeners** such as fibres, yarn or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
 - **Fillers** such as almond or sunflower oil, can be added to prevent additional shrinkage but might affect stickyness.
+- **Re-use** your bioresin scraps and experiments. Remelting dried bioresin in a dash of water will give you an already very concentrated mixture (the water has evaporated during its drying time) that helps you cast objects that will shrink much less than "virgin" bioresin. 
 
 ##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
 
@@ -172,12 +173,12 @@ Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials is not allowed in the EU)
 - Reuse: yes, by melting and recasting
 
 Needs further research?:  not sure
 
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Recycling them with PET plastics contaminates the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Do not recycle them with PET plastics, it contaminates the waste stream. 
 
 ##PROPERTIES
 
@@ -216,6 +217,7 @@ Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some wa
 
 **Environmental conditions**
 
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8

docs/files/recipes/biorubber.md

 # STARCH-BASED RUBBER
 
-<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/xTVABD1KlsY" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/B1zFfDPx7t4" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 
-**>> update video <<**
-
-A rubbery bioplastic based on gelatin and potato starch. This slab feels a bit like a rubber car tyre. It's strong but flexible and is less stiff then the gelatine-based biosilicone for example. It has a sour smell from the vinegar (this slowly fades but does not disappear).
+A rubbery bioplastic based on gelatin and potato starch. This slab feels a bit like a rubber. It's strong but flexible and is less stiff then the gelatine-based biosilicone for example. It has a sour smell from the vinegar, which slowly fades but does not disappear completely.
 
 **Physical form**
 
@@ -31,17 +29,17 @@ Final form achieved after:7 days
 
 ###Ingredients
 
-* **Gelatine powder - 50 g **
+* **Gelatine powder - 50 g**
 	* Functions as polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
-* **Potato starch - 50 g **
+* **Potato starch - 50 g**
      * Functions as the second polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
-* **Glycerine - 100 g **
+* **Glycerine - 100 g**
 	* Functions as plasticizer (makes it flexible). 
 * **Water - 100 ml/gr and a dash extra**
 	* To dissolve and mix the polymeer and plasticizer
 	* To dissolve and mix the corn starch before adding to the other liquid
-* **White vinegar - 15 g **
-	* Vinegar is almost always added to starch-based biopolymers to change the molecular structure of the starch, making it stronger and more workable.
+* **White vinegar - 15 g**
+	* Vinegar is almost always added to starch-based biopolymers to change the molecular structure of the starch, making it stronger and more workable. It helps to disrupt the molecules further, resulting in a homogenous bioplastic.
 
 ###Tools
 
@@ -94,7 +92,7 @@ Approx. 250 ml before casting
 
 **Shrinkage and deformation control**
 
-Letting it dry for a week or so to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly harden until its totally rigid. The slab needs some attention during drying as the edges that are thinner will curl up. Trim the piece before it's completely hard. Occassionally press down the slab under a stack of books for a few hours to keep it flat. 
+Letting it dry for a week or so to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly get more rigid. The slab needs some attention during drying as the edges that are thinner will curl up. Trim the piece before it's completely hard. Occassionally press down the slab under a stack of books for a few hours to keep it flat. 
 
 **Curing agents and release agents**
 
@@ -125,16 +123,14 @@ Not sure.
 
 ![](../../images/cornstarch4.jpg)*Stirring in the corn starch mixture, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/cornstarch5.jpg)*Finish with a custard-like thickness, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/cornstarch5.jpg)*Finish with viscuous liquid, like custard, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/cornstarch6.jpg)*Spread the paste with a spatula (be quick!), Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/starch_new1.jpg)*Spread the paste with a spatula, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/cornstarch7.jpg)*The strach-based rubber curing, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+![](../../images/starch_new2.jpg)*The strach-based rubber curing, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 ![](../../images/cornstarch10.jpg)*Trimming the - still flexible - slab for further curing, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-![](../../images/cornstarch11.jpg)*Drying the slab on a roster (pressed down with books occasionally), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-
 
 ###Variations
 
@@ -143,6 +139,7 @@ Not sure.
 - Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid slab (50/50 polymers and plasticizers is considered the max)
 - Reduce amount of gelatine or leave it out altogether
 - **Stiffeners** such as fibres, yarn or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
+- Try creating a starch-based polymer without gelatine to make this plastic vegan. 
 
 ##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
 
@@ -181,12 +178,12 @@ Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials - like gelatine - is not allowed in the EU)
 - Reuse: further research needed
 
 Needs further research?:  not sure
 
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream.
 
 ##PROPERTIES
 
@@ -232,6 +229,13 @@ Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some wa
 
 Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam, 16 March 2020
 
+**Environmental conditions**
+
+- Humidity:  40-50%
+- Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
+- Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
+- PH tap water:  7-8
+
 **Images of the final sample**
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-38.jpg)*Starch-based rubber, Loes Bogers, 2020*
@@ -254,6 +258,7 @@ incorporation of Engineering Practices**, by Richard Harris, Carla Ahrenstorff G
 - **Seaweeds can be a new source of bioplastics** by Rajendran, N, Sharanya Puppala, Sneha Raj M., Ruth Angeeleena B., and Rajam, C. in Journal of Pharmacy Research, 12 March 2012: [link](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258495452_Seaweeds_can_be_a_new_source_for_bioplastics)
 - **Recipes for Material Activism** by Miriam Ribul, via Issuu, 2014:[link](https://issuu.com/miriamribul/docs/miriam_ribul_recipes_for_material_a).
 - **Research Book Bioplastics** by Juliette Pepin, via Issuu, 2014:[link](https://issuu.com/juliettepepin/docs/bookletbioplastic)
+- 
 
 
 

docs/files/recipes/biosilicon.md

@@ -158,12 +158,12 @@ Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  no
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials is not allowed in the EU)
 - Reuse: yes, by melting and recasting
 
 Needs further research?:  not sure
 
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water (but plastics with additives and fillers might not be reusable). Should not be recycled as part of PET-plastics waste: this causes contamination of the waste stream. 
 
 ##PROPERTIES
 
@@ -210,6 +210,13 @@ Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some wa
 
 Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
 
+**Environmental conditions**
+
+- Humidity:  40-50%
+- Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
+- Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
+- PH tap water:  7-8
+
 **Images of the final sample**
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-42.jpg)*Biosilicone sample, Loes Bogers, 2020*

docs/files/recipes/cabbagedye.md

@@ -2,17 +2,17 @@
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-115.jpg)*Silk dyed with cabbage and modified with PH modifiers, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-### Description
+##GENERAL INFORMATION
 
 Volatile PH sensitive dye. Not very light-fast or washable, but capable of producing bright purple, pink, green and turqouise hues. 
 
-### Physical form
+**Physical form**
 
 Pastes, gels & liquids
 
 Color without additives: Purple
 
-### Fabrication time
+**Fabrication time**
 
 Preparation time: 2 Hours
 
@@ -22,16 +22,22 @@ Need attention: the entire processing time (temperature and stirring)
 
 Final form achieved after: 2 hours
 
-## Ingredients
+**Estimated cost (consumables)**
+
+0,01 Euros, for a yield of approx. 250 ml if made from food waste
+
+##RECIPE
+
+###Ingredients
 
 * **Half a red cabbage** (also: brassica oleracea), this is the dye stuff. Try to get these as food waste
 * **water -  1000 ml/g** solvent
 * **salt - 5 g** for preservation (stabilizer)
-* * **a coffee filter** to filter the fine particles from the dye
+* **a coffee filter** to filter the fine particles from the dye
 * **PH modifiers** (see [this recipe](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/phmodifiers/))
 * optional: a piece of silk, or aquarel paper and a brush for testing.
 
-## Tools
+###Tools
 
 1. **Cooker**, ideally with temperature control
 1. **Pot**
@@ -41,11 +47,11 @@ Final form achieved after: 2 hours
 1. **A strainer**
 1. **A glass jar** to store the dye
 
-## Yield
+###Yield
 
 Approx. 250 ml
 
-## Method
+###Method
 
 1. **Preparation**
 
@@ -74,7 +80,7 @@ Approx. 250 ml
 	- To store: add a clove to the ink, label it, and store in the fridge or freeze. If it starts to grow mold or smells weird/different than cabbage smell, through it away. 
 
 
-### Process
+###Process pictures
 
 ![](../../images/cabbage4.jpg)*Preparing the cabbage with a mandoline, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -87,7 +93,7 @@ Approx. 250 ml
 ![](../../images/cabbage3.jpg)*Silk dyed with red cabbage dye, drying. Modified with PH modifiers (pink = PH2, green = PH 13, blue = PH 9), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
-## Variations on this recipe
+###Variations
 
 - You add the PH modifiers to the dye, or use the modifier after drying (on dried, dyed textiles).
 - Add a binder such as arabic gum to create a nicer flow if you wish to use this ink for painting and arts, not dyeing textiles.
@@ -95,87 +101,76 @@ Approx. 250 ml
 - You can even use red cabbage dye to test the PH of a liquid. Dip some strips of coffee filter in the red cabbage dye. Let it dry. Then use a cotton swab to dab a bit of liquid (tap water, juice, wine, other) on the paper. If the paper becomes red/pink the PH is 2-4, purple is 5-7, blue is 8-9 and green/yellow is PH 10-12 approximately. See also [link](https://www.thoughtco.com/make-red-cabbage-ph-paper-605993)
 - Make dyes for other kinds of food waste, like used coffee grounds (light browns), old coffee (deep browns), PH sensitive beetroot dye (vintage pinks and salmon tones) etc. Or research and consider dyes from dried goods like turmeric powder (bright yellow), PH sensitive hibiscus tea (purple, blues, greens and gray). Ink has even been made of cigarette butts!
 
-### Cultural origins of this recipe
+##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
+
+**Cultural origins of this recipe**
 
 The anthocyanin in red cabbage is what makes it PH sensitive, and is why it changes color as you modify it with acidic or alkaline solutions.  
 
+Dyeing fibres with vegetables is an ancient craft: the earliest dyed flax fibers have been found in a prehistoric cave in the Republic of Georgia and date back to 34,000 BC. Before the invention of synthetic dyes starting in the mid-19th century, all fibres and textiles were dyed using organic and inorganic materials as *dyestuff:*like clay, plants, metals, bark, funghi, flowers, insects, seeds, and fruit and vegetables (and even the blood of animals). The development of new, strongly colored synthetic dyes followed quickly, and by the 1870s commercial dyeing with natural dyestuffs was disappearing: synthetic dyes were more stable, more colorfast and in many cases could be done at lower cost than the overal costs of natural dyeing processes.  
+
+**Natural dye revival(s)**: there have been revivals in plant dyeing as a crafts technique in the 1970s, with enthusiasts publishing books in layman's terms that became popular again today. These recipes might be natural, but may still use heavy metals as mordants. More recently, in tandem with the growing concern for pollutions caused by textile dyeing at industrial scale, which involves lots of chemicals, heavy metals that end up in drinking water, on worker's bodies and in the environment. It also requires a lot of water due to the rinsing needed to wash all the chemicals out, and to achieve colorfastness. Next to bacterial (and fungal) dyes, plant-based dyes are investigated as non-toxic, renewable alternatives to synthetic dyeing processes. Some natural dyes, like madder (for red hues) has been developed into a powder recently in such a way that it is fit for textile dyeing at an industrial scale. 
+
+It's somewhat unconventional to use more ephemeral dyes such as this one as textile dye. It's not very lightfast and extremely chemically unstable (the PH sensitivity). But some are worth exploring by designers who are able to celebrate these dyes' vividness and ability to change, fade and surprise. It is unlikely that natural dyes will provide the color fastness and ability to dye synthetic textiles like synthetic dyes can, but perhaps what we need much more urgently is an attitude change to color in textiles and clothing?
+
 **Needs further research?**   Not sure
 
-### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
+###Key Sources
 
 No recipe in particular. Boiling in water is a common way of extracting pigments from a dye stuff. 
 
-### Known concerns and contestations
+###Copyright information 
 
-Cabbage can be found in abundance in many countries (including the Netherlands). It is not a hugely popular vegetable but still very common. Try to get red cabbage as food waste instead of buying it fresh. Dye materials should not compete with food. 
+This recipe may be considered to be part of the public domain.
 
-The color purple this dye or ink creates is quite contested. Historically, purple (and especially the socalled Tyrian purple, made of the secretions of sea snails) was considered to be the color of power, reserved for kings and queens and the like. It is also one of the colors that has historically ben rather expensive to produce as it required significant amounts of (often expensive) resources to generate intense and colorfast dyes using natural resources. Due to it's changing nature, red cabbage dye would not be considered an option worth considering for current textile dyeing practice. But perhaps its humble background and volatility make it the perfect everywoman's purple. Could it be instrumental in conveying the temporary luxury of purple textiles? Perhaps it is sufficient to be queen for a day?
+##ETHICS & SUSTAINABILITY
 
+Cabbage can be found in abundance in many countries (including the Netherlands). It is not a hugely popular vegetable but still very common. Try to get red cabbage as food waste instead of buying it fresh. Dye materials should not compete with food. 
+
+The color purple of this dye or ink creates is quite contested. Historically, purple (and especially the socalled Tyrian purple, made of the secretions of sea snails) was considered to be the color of power, reserved for kings and queens and the like. It is also one of the colors that has historically ben rather expensive to produce as it required significant amounts of (often expensive) resources to generate intense and colorfast dyes using natural resources. Due to it's changing nature, red cabbage dye would not be considered an option worth considering for current textile dyeing practice. But perhaps its humble background and volatility make it the perfect everywoman's purple. Could it be instrumental in conveying the temporary luxury of purple textiles? Perhaps it is sufficient to be queen for a day?
 
-### Sustainability tags
+**Sustainability tags**
 
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste:  (ideally) yes
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
-- Re-use: no
+- Biocompostable final product: yes, (rip silk to shreds for home composting).
+- Re-use: yes, silk can be redyed. 
 
 Needs further research?:  Yes
 
 How often can this dye be reused? Overview of colors different PH modifiers during and after dyeing would be useful. Are there sustainable ways of making the dye more colorfast?
 
-## Material properties
-
-### Comparative qualities
-
-This dye gives bright purples. Alkaline modifiers create blues and greens, acidic modifiers towards pinks and reds. Less colorfast than other dyes like, madder dye. 
-
-### Technical and sensory properties
+##PROPERTIES
 
 - **Color fastness:** low
 - **Light fastness:** low
 - **Washability:** low
 - **Color modifiers:** alkaline/acidic
 - **Odor**: moderate (disappears after drying)
+- **Suitable fibres**: animal fibre like wool or silk will take better than cellulose fibres. Not suitable for dyeing synthetic fibres. 
 
-## About this entry
+##ABOUT
 
-### Maker of this sample
+**Maker(s) of this sample**
 
 - Name: Loes Bogers
 - Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
 - Location:  Amsterdam, the Netherlands
 - Date: 05-03-2020 - 06-03-2020
 
-### Environmental conditions
+**Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8
 
-### Recipe validation
-
-Has recipe been validated? 
+**Recipe validation**
 
-Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
+Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
 
-### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
-
-0,01 Euros, for a yield of approx. 250 ml if made from food waste
-
-## Copyright information
-
-This a common way of extracting pigments from plants, it may be considered to be part of the public domain.
-
-##References
-
-- **Make Red Cabbage PH Paper** by Anne Marie Helmenstine for ThoughtCo, 2 February 2020: [link](https://www.thoughtco.com/make-red-cabbage-ph-paper-605993)
-- **Biochromes** by Cecilia Raspanti for Fabricademy, 15 October 2019: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week04/)
-- **Purple** in: The Secret Lives of Color by Kassia St. Clair, 2016: pp. 159-161.
-- **Make Ink** by: Jason Logan, 2018.
-
-### Images of final product
+**Images of the final sample**
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-115.jpg)*Red cabbage dye with a splash of soda solution and a splash of vinegar, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -200,6 +195,16 @@ This a common way of extracting pigments from plants, it may be considered to be
 ![](../../images/finalpics-96.jpg)*Red cabbage dye on paper, modified with vinegar (PH 2) solution, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
+##References
+
+- **Make Red Cabbage PH Paper** by Anne Marie Helmenstine for ThoughtCo, 2 February 2020: [link](https://www.thoughtco.com/make-red-cabbage-ph-paper-605993)
+- **Biochromes** by Cecilia Raspanti for Fabricademy, 15 October 2019: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week04/)
+- **Purple** in: The Secret Lives of Color by Kassia St. Clair, 2016: pp. 159-161.
+- **Make Ink** by: Jason Logan, 2018.
+- **Dyeing** on Wikipedia, n.d. [link](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyeing)
+- **Vegetable Dyeing: 151 Color Recipes for Dyeing Yarns and Fabrics with Natural Matters** by Alma Lesch, Watson Guptill: 1970.
+- **Natuurlijk verven: textielverven op ecologische wijze**, by Roos Soetekauw, Thesis about natural dyes and dying of wool and silk, 2 May 2011:
+ [link](https://issuu.com/roossoetekouw/docs/scriptie_-_natuurlijk_verven_klein)
 
 
 

docs/files/recipes/fishskin.md

 # TANNED FISH SKIN
 
-
-### Tactility & sound impression
-
 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/M7Jz0gQ61vw" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 
 *Tanned salmon skin without using glycerine as softener (post-treatment)*, Loes Bogers, 2020
@@ -11,39 +8,46 @@
 
 *Tanned salmon skin with glycerine applied as softener (post-treatment)*, Loes Bogers, 2020
 
-### Description
+##GENERAL INFORMATION
 
-Very strong, translucent tanned fish skin that varies from stiff and a little rigid to flexible/soft and malleable when treated with a softener.
+Very strong, translucent tanned fish skin that varies from stiff and a little rigid to flexible/soft and malleable when treated with a softener. The feeling of this tanned and dried fish skin is more like thick paper than leather of cow hide. It has a similar braking surface friction. It is thinner than leather of mammal hide, but equally strong if not stronger. 
 
-### Physical form
+**Physical form**
 
 Surfaces 
 
 Color without additives: color of the fish skin
 
-### Fabrication time
+**Fabrication time**
+
+Preparation time: 1 Hours
 
-Preparation time: [number 0-24] Hours
+Processing time: 1 week
 
-Processing time: [number 0-100] [select unit days/weeks]
+Need attention: every 2 hours, to shake the jar (the first 3 days)
 
-Need attention: every [number][select unit: hours/days] to [free text] describe activity e.g. stir, turn, etc]
+Final form achieved after: 1 week
 
-Final form achieved after: [number 0-99] [select unit days/weeks
+**Estimated cost (consumables)**
+
+1,10 Euros, for a yield of approx. 400 ml tanning liquid that is used once (cost of the liquid is about 3,30 euros but can be used at least 3 times, if not more). Fish skins can be obtained for free as waste from friendly local fish mongers. 
 
-## Ingredients
+
+##RECIPE
+
+###Ingredients
 
 * **Fresh uncooked fish skins**, e.g. salmon skins
 	* the amounts below are enough for 1 large fish skin
 * **Denatured alcohol 96%** - 200 ml
-	* helps to penetrate the skin
+	* stabilizer: denatures ("kills") and removes the collagen from the cells to prevent the tissue from rotting and disintegrating after drying
 	* optional: substitute part of the alcohol with a mix of alcohol and a natural alcohol-based ink)
 * **Glycerine** - 200 ml
-	* acts as an oil
+	* lubricant: softens the leather and adds flexibility
 * **Dish washing soap (eco)** - 5 ml
 
 
-## Tools
+###Tools
 
 1. **Big glass jar**, with tight fitting lid
 	* to fit all the fish skins
@@ -55,11 +59,11 @@ Final form achieved after: [number 0-99] [select unit days/weeks
 	* to nail the fish skins to the board for drying
 
 
-## Yield before processing/drying/curing
+###Yield 
 
-Approx. [number] [unit]
+3 skins 
 
-## Method
+###Method
 
 1. **Preparing the fish skins**
 
@@ -85,7 +89,7 @@ Approx. [number] [unit]
 	- Leave the board to dry outside, on a balcony or near an open window.
 	- When completely dry, take them off the board. 
 	
-### Drying/curing/growth process
+###Drying/curing/growth process
 
 Drying the skins with the scales facing down (towards the wood), results in a smoother surface. 
 
@@ -111,7 +115,8 @@ N/A
 
 Not sure
 
-### Process
+###Process pictures
+
 ![](../../images/fishskin1.jpg)*Putting the skins inside a jar, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 ![](../../images/fishskin2.jpg)*Tanning the skins, Loes Bogers, 2020*
@@ -119,53 +124,53 @@ Not sure
 ![](../../images/fishskin4.jpg)*The skins nailed to a board for drying (some plain and some with turmeric alcohol-based ink), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
-## Variations on this recipe
+###Variations
 
 - Add natural *alcohol-based* colorants to dye the fish skins (e.g. turmeric, hibiscus, or grated beetroot/red cabbage: submerge in alcohol and shake every hour for a day).
 - Other softeners to try: leather balm, coconut oil, other oils
 - Putting a fish skin in the oven for 5-10 minutes at low heat (70 degrees Celcius), it turns highly flexible.
 -  Make a suede-like soft leather by tanning the fish skins in boiled linseed oil. Add a rock or something heavy to create a lot of friction when shaking the container. Take the fish out to dry, repeat if it is not soft enough. There are several linseed oils out there. Raw is often used for outdoors use and contains less chemicals and petrol-based drying agents but dries a lot slower and can stay sticky. The technique used with raw linseed oil is similar to they way fishing nets are impregnated to stand the harsh conditions at sea. 
 
-### Cultural origins of this recipe
+##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
+
+**Cultural origins of this recipe**
 
 Traditional tanning techniques are centuries old and have been practiced by peoples in most of the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway), the Joepik in Alaska, the Nanai in Siberia, the Inuit in Canada and Greenland. It is practiced all around the world (e.g. along the Nile in Kenya, in Mexico and in Australia). Originally, the involved tanning acids from e.g. oak and chestnut bark, urine, or alternatively with egg yolk and vegetable oil and then cold-smoked over fire to make it water-proof (also prevents mold and bacteria growth). Alutiiq artist June Simeonoff Pardue has been credited for this non-traditional tanning process with alcohol and glycerine. Fish skin can also be cleaned and dried without tanning. 
 
 **Needs further research?**   Not sure
 
-### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
+###Key Sources
 
 - **Fish Skin Tanning** from the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
 - **Biofabricating Materials** by Cecilia Raspanti for Fabricademy 2019-2020: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/)
 
+###Copyright information 
 
-### Known concerns and contestations\*
+This recipe was originally published as **Fish Skin Tanning** in the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
+
+It is unclear if copyright rests on this publication. Further research is required. 
+
+##ETHICS & SUSTAINABILITY
 
 - This technique is strongly associated with indigenous cultures. Using them - especially without crediting it as cultural heritage - is controversial.
 - The process is smelly, but the finished product is nearly odorless if done well
 - This material is animal-based (but the production & tanning process is significantly eco-friendlier process than those of e.g. cow hide.
 - Denatured alcohol is harsh on skin but not dangerous, don’t use on open skin however.
-- Choosing fish that are not locally abundant or known to be overfished is considered problematic. Try to find fish from sustainable fishing industries, and fish that is in-season, or the bycatch from local fishing industry. 
-
+- Choosing fish that are not locally abundant or known to be overfished is considered problematic. Try to find fish from sustainable fishing industries, and fish that is in-season, or the bycatch from local fishing industry. 
 
-### Sustainability tags
+**Sustainability tags**
 
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: no
 - Made of by-products or waste:  yes
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes, but only professionally (home composting of animal-based materials is not allowed in the EU)
 - Re-use: the tanning liquid can be reused
 
 Needs further research?:  Not sure
 
 Fish skins are considered a waste product of the fishing industry and are often trashed as many people tend to favour fish fillets without skin.
 
-## Material properties
-
-### Comparative qualities
-
-The feeling of this tanned and dried fish skin is more like thick paper than leather of cow hide. It has a similar braking surface friction. It is thinner than leather of mammal hide, but equally strong if not stronger. Tanned fish skins that have been treated with glycerine as a softener after tanning, but before drying become softer and flexible. 
-
-### Technical and sensory properties
+##PROPERTIES
 
 - **Strength**: strong
 - **Hardness**: variable
@@ -191,39 +196,39 @@ The feeling of this tanned and dried fish skin is more like thick paper than lea
 - **Color modifiers:** none 
 
 
-## About this entry
+##ABOUT
 
-### Maker of this sample
+**Maker(s) of this sample**
 
 - Name: Loes Bogers
 - Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
 - Location:  Rotterdam, the Netherlands
 - Date: 24-02-2020 – 02-03-2020
 
-### Environmental conditions
+**Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8
 
-### Recipe validation
+**Recipe validation**
 
-Has recipe been validated? 
+Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
 
-Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
+**Images of the final sample**
 
-### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
+![](../../images/finalpics-75.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, glycerine softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-1,10 Euros, for a yield of approx. 400 ml tanning liquid that is used once (cost of the liquid is about 3,30 euros but can be used at least 3 times, if not more). Fish skins can be obtained for free as waste from friendly local fish mongers. 
+![](../../images/finalpics-76.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, glycerine softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-## Copyright information
+![](../../images/finalpics-79.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, no softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-This recipe was originally published as **Fish Skin Tanning** in the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
+![](../../images/finalpics-77.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (dyed with turmeric, no softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-It is unclear if copyright rests on this publication. Further research is required. 
+![](../../images/finalpics-78.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (dyed with turmeric, glycerine softener, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-##References
+##REFERENCES
 
 - **Fish Skin Tanning** from the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
 - **Interview with skin sewer June Pardue** by Anchorage Museum & Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center on Youtube, 16 January 2015: [link](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GUf8Ao5vNY)
@@ -232,16 +237,5 @@ It is unclear if copyright rests on this publication. Further research is requir
 - **Bio Materials** by Laura Luchtman for Textile Academy, 14 November 2016: [link](https://textileacademy.eu/laura-luchtman/)
 - **Preservation of Fish Nets** by Harden Franklin Taylor, U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, 1920: pp. 22-26: [link](https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=ZSwlAQAAMAAJ&hl=en&pg=GBS.PA5)
 
-### Images of final product
-
-![](../../images/finalpics-75.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, glycerine softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-
-![](../../images/finalpics-76.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, glycerine softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-
-![](../../images/finalpics-79.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (no colorant, no softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-
-![](../../images/finalpics-77.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (dyed with turmeric, no softener), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-
-![](../../images/finalpics-78.jpg)*Tanned salmon skin (dyed with turmeric, glycerine softener, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 

docs/files/recipes/flowerpaper.md

 # PAPER AND DYE FROM WITHERED FLOWERS
 
-
-### Tactility & sound impression
-
 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dZpvG2pKwoo" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
 
-### Description
+##GENERAL INFORMATION
 
-Thin paper made of dried flowers (pounded not blended).
+Pounded paper (shown in video) made from flower fibres results in a thin but very strong paper. It is more rigid than for example office paper and has more texture. You can see all the details of the fibres used. 
 
-### Physical form
+Blended paper in comparison, especially the ones made with stems are more brittle and have even more texture and a rough feel. Somewhat like pressed paper waste composites (such as the ones used for fruit and vegetable packaging), but more rough to the touch. 
+
+**Physical form**
 
 Surfaces 
 
 Color without additives: yellow/brown
 
-### Fabrication time
+**Fabrication time**
 
 Preparation time: 2 Hours
 
@@ -25,17 +24,23 @@ Need attention: every 8-16 hours after drying to press.
 
 Final form achieved after: 2-4 weeks
 
-## Ingredients
+**Estimated cost (consumables)**
+
+0,01 Euros, for a yield of approx. 4 small sheets of paper (if you get flowers as waste)
+
+##RECIPE
+
+###Ingredients
 
 * **Bouquet of withered flowers**, the ones the florist throws away
 	* Flowers will provide the cellulose and fibres to make the paper
-* **Soda ash** (carbonate soda), 15 g
+* **Soda ash** (sodium carbonate Na2CO3), 15 g
 	* To wash off dirt and grit
 * **Water**, enough to cover the dried flowers
 * **a coffee filter** to filter the fine particles from the flower dye
 
 
-## Tools
+###Tools
 
 1. **A drying rack**
 1. **Metal wire** or fish wire
@@ -53,11 +58,11 @@ Final form achieved after: 2-4 weeks
 1. **A glass jar**, to store the flower dye
 
 
-## Yield before processing/drying/curing
+###Yield 
 
-Approx. [number] [unit]
+Approx. 3 sheets of paper
 
-## Method
+###Method
 
 1. **Drying the flowers**
 	- Separate the flowers based on thickness and hardness of the stems. They will dry at different rates so it's useful to group them together for drying. You can separate by color at a later stage.
@@ -92,9 +97,7 @@ Approx. [number] [unit]
 1. **Saving the boiling liquid as dye**
 	- If you saved the boiling liquid you can use it as a dye (creates subtle yellows and greens). The dye will be alkaline (PH 8-9) due to the soda that was added to the water. Acidic and copper modifiers make for lighter yellows and greens respectively.  
 
-### Drying/curing/growth process
-
-[Free text]
+###Drying/curing/growth process
 
 - Mold depth :  					N/A
 - Shrinkage thickness       50-80 %
@@ -118,9 +121,9 @@ Press if necessary to keep flat, story dry and flat.
 
 Not sure
 
-### Process
+###Process pictures
 
-#### 1. Drying the flowers
+**1. Drying the flowers**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers23.jpg)*Flowers saved from the florist's trash (with permission of course), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -128,13 +131,13 @@ Not sure
 
 ![](../../images/flowers25.jpg)*Hanging the bundles to dry for at least 2 weeks, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-#### 2. Making a mould & deckle
+**2. Making a mould & deckle**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers3.jpg)*Making a mould & deckle, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 ![](../../images/flowers4.jpg)*Ideally fits inside the sink, and can sit on top for drying, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-#### 3. Separating & boiling (color, flowers-only or with stems)
+**3. Separating & boiling (color, flowers-only or with stems)**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers31.jpg)*Flowers and frames, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ Not sure
 ![](../../images/flowers2.jpg)*Boil the flowers (and optional: stems) with some soda ash, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
-#### 4. Option A: Using flowers only (pounded)
+**4. Option A: Using flowers only (pounded)**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers12.jpg)*The pounded slurry, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -154,7 +157,7 @@ Not sure
 ![](../../images/flowers29.jpg)*Using only flowers and pounding by hand (front) creates a delicate, thin but strong paper compared to blending with the stems (back), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
-#### 4. Option B: Using flowers and stems (with a blender)
+**4. Option B: Using flowers and stems (with a blender)**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers5.jpg)*Using flower and stems, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ Not sure
 
 ![](../../images/flowers30.jpg)*Using stems and blending creates a thicker, more rigid but also more brittle cardboard-like paper (front), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
-#### Save the boiling water to use as a dye**
+**5. Save the boiling water to use as a dye**
 
 ![](../../images/flowers7.jpg)*Filter the cooking water for a yellow dye, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -173,7 +176,7 @@ Not sure
 ![](../../images/flowerdyes.jpg)*Subtle yellows and greens wit flower dye on silk (overnight dye), with modifiers (lemon PH 2 and copper), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
-## Variations on this recipe
+###Variations
 
 - Add natural colorants to the slurry and/or spray it on top (e.g. cabbage dye with soda, avocado dye to enhance the color of paper from blue/purple and red flowers respectively.
 - Create paper with a different thickness
@@ -182,46 +185,41 @@ Not sure
 - Make paper from other cellulose waste, such as paper waste, or research and forage plants that are considered invasive in your local environment, see also Megan Heere's [*Invasive Paper project*](https://meganheeres.com/section/402220_The_Invasive_Paper_Project.html)
 - Some recipes suggest an additional step of *couching* instead of drying on the mesh. 
 
-### Cultural origins of this recipe
+##ORIGINS & REFERENCES
 
-[Free text]
+**Cultural origins of this recipe**
 
-**Needs further research?**   Yes/No/Not sure
+Needs further research
 
-[Notes]
+**Needs further research?**   Yes
 
-### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
+###Key Sources
 
 - **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/)
 
 - **Flower Paper** by Maria Viftrup for Material Archive at Textile Lab Amsterdam, n.d.
 
-### Known concerns and contestations\*
+###Copyright information  
 
-Yes/No/Needs further research
+There are endless recipes for paper making documented so this can be considered to be in the public domain. However, this instruction was informative in creating this recipe: **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/). 
 
-[Describe them here free text]
+Viftrup's work is published under a CC Attribution, Non-commercial licence.
 
+##ETHICS & SUSTAINABILITY
 
-### Sustainability tags
+Needs further research
+
+**Sustainability tags**
 
 - Renewable ingredients: yes
 - Vegan: yes
 - Made of by-products or waste:  yes
-- Biocompostable final product:  yes
+- Biocompostable final product:  yes (rip dyed silk to shreds for home composting). 
 - Re-use: yes, can be re-used in the next paper slurry (consider additives)
 
 Needs further research?:  Not sure
 
-## Material properties
-
-### Comparative qualities
-
-Pounded paper made from flower fibres results in a thin but very strong paper. It is more rigid than for example office paper and has more texture. You can see all the details of the fibres used. 
-
-Blended paper (especially the ones made with stems) are more brittle and have even more texture and a rough feel. Somewhat like pressed paper waste composites (such as the ones used for fruit and vegetable packaging), but more rough to the touch. 
-
-### Technical and sensory properties
+##PROPERTIES
 
 - **Strength**: medium
 - **Hardness**: resilient/variable
@@ -247,45 +245,27 @@ Blended paper (especially the ones made with stems) are more brittle and have ev
 - **Color modifiers:** none 
 
 
-## About this entry
+##ABOUT
 
-### Maker of this sample
+**Maker(s) of this sample**
 
 - Name: Loes Bogers
 - Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
 - Location:  Amsterdam, the Netherlands
 - Date: 25-02-2020 – 18-03-2020]
 
-### Environmental conditions
+**Environmental conditions**
 
-- Humidity:  not sure
+- Humidity:  40-50%
 - Outside temp:  5-11 degrees Celcius
 - Room temp:  18 – 22 degrees Celcius
 - PH tap water:  7-8
 
-### Recipe validation
-
-Has recipe been validated? 
-
-Yes
+**Recipe validation**
 
-By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
+Has recipe been validated? Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, TextileLab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
 
-### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
-
-0,01 Euros, for a yield of approx. 4 small sheets of paper
-
-## Copyright information
-
-There are endless recipes for paper making documented so this can be considered to be in the public domain. However, this recipe is a variation on: **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/). 
-
-Further research needed. 
-
-##References
-
-**Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/)
-
-### Images of final product
+**Images of the final sample**
 
 ![](../../images/finalpics-125.jpg)*Flower paper (no stems), Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
@@ -298,6 +278,13 @@ Further research needed.
 ![](../../images/finalpics-128.jpg)*Flower paper dye on paper, Loes Bogers, 2020*
 
 
+##REFERENCES
+
+- **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/)
+
+- **Flower Paper** by Maria Viftrup for Material Archive at Textile Lab Amsterdam, n.d.
+
+