diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/agarcomposite.md b/docs/files/recipes/agarcomposite.md
index 1f3e8aa8bb6ab1b146c65a2e0ea2d832fc3d0fdd..6cc39a867cfef140a3798a3bda7f1baba2960273 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/agarcomposite.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/agarcomposite.md
@@ -207,13 +207,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is an adaptation of **Agar biofoil** by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam for Fabricademy 2019-2020, Class pages, [link](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Lm147nvWkxxmPf5Oh2wU5a8eonpqHCVc/view).
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, this is an adaptation of **Flexible bio-foil** by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam for Fabricademy 2019-2020, Class pages, [link](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Lm147nvWkxxmPf5Oh2wU5a8eonpqHCVc/view).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/agarfoil.md b/docs/files/recipes/agarfoil.md
index cfff1c9f65e38473e9b5bcc795ebcbf02a55f350..d5ffd42b60546a902055a215631087bf243a2b84 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/agarfoil.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/agarfoil.md
@@ -205,13 +205,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is an adaptation of **Flexible bio-foil** by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam for Fabricademy 2019-2020, Class pages, [link](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Lm147nvWkxxmPf5Oh2wU5a8eonpqHCVc/view).
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, this is an adaptation of **Flexible bio-foil** by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam for Fabricademy 2019-2020, Class pages, [link](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Lm147nvWkxxmPf5Oh2wU5a8eonpqHCVc/view).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/alginatefoil.md b/docs/files/recipes/alginatefoil.md
index 6f50dcb2e5e6a40e43eebc8cdf569fa4139549aa..4b830cc2531678f6cc42847874bdba181a6fcabf 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/alginatefoil.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/alginatefoil.md
@@ -202,14 +202,10 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
This is a modified version of: **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
+
##References
- **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/alginatenet.md b/docs/files/recipes/alginatenet.md
index dcb6ac994efa013364d140bd51f8a45e89f62915..6d1abb50fa5128b0e076569adb55248556e5fd80 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/alginatenet.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/alginatenet.md
@@ -218,14 +218,10 @@ By Carolina Delgado, Fabricademy Student Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 26 March 2
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
This is a modified version of: **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
+
##References
- **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/alginatestring.md b/docs/files/recipes/alginatestring.md
index 1bfaa004931d08428a05a7093517ade3afad79b9..6d158f2bc702aaeefb50e259b8ddc267105f6823 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/alginatestring.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/alginatestring.md
@@ -217,14 +217,10 @@ By Carolina Delgado, Fabricademy student at Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 30 Marc
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
This is a modified version of: **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
+
##References
- **Flexible Bio-plastic Alginate Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk.md b/docs/files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk.md
index b8303dd54a15e583203cb226405f5c1bb3943d9c..eee6ed96f8272587b3830b83db3c7953646d80a2 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk.md
@@ -212,13 +212,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on: **Growing Gems Crystal Project** by Home Science Tools Learning Center: [link](https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/article/growing-gems-crystal-project/)
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-This is a variation on: **Growing Gems Crystal Project** by Home Science Tools Learning Center: https://learning-center.homesciencetools.com/article/growing-gems-crystal-project/
+It is unclear if this recipe is copyrighted, further research required.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/bacterialdye.md b/docs/files/recipes/bacterialdye.md
index 7c7d972069938abef682fac6d778c80fea1f16f2..58d5be2ed6473dd6c07dff1a001214659a070737 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/bacterialdye.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/bacterialdye.md
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Final form achieved after: 3 days
- **LB broth - 10g**, (on 500 ml + 3/4 tsp of peanutbutter) this is a slightly acidic liquid medium, results in brighter pinks. Standard ratio of 20g/L. This is the growth medium to dye the silk.
- **Water - 500 ml** (sterilized water if tap water quality is not the best)
- **Denatured alcohol 96% - 150 ml or so**
-- **Serratia Marcenscens bacteria** inoculated on Nutrient Agar jelly, ready to use.
+- **Serratia Marcenscens bacteria** inoculated on Nutrient Agar jelly, ready to use. Make sure it is a type for **level 1 biolabs**
- **Pure silk chiffon - 6 pieces** approx. 30cm x 30cm
- **Thread and needle** to stitch the silk bundle together
- **Disposable gloves**
@@ -72,10 +72,14 @@ Final form achieved after: 3 days
## Yield
-Approx. 6 silk swatches of 30 x 30 cm
+Approx. 6 silk swatches of 30 x 30 cm and bacteria to last many infinitely if the strain is kept alive.
## Method
+### 0. **Upon arrival of the bacteria**
+
+Follow the instructions as provided by the vendor. Make sure you purchase a **level 1 type of Serratia Marcenscens**, triple check this to avoid biohazards. Inoculate the bacteria as instructed to use immediately, or store in the freezer on a [66% glycerine stock solution](https://www.addgene.org/protocols/create-glycerol-stock/) to protect and store it. This link also provides the info to revive it.
+
### 1. **Preparation (growth medium & silk)**
First we prepare the growth media the bacteria needs, it's like its food. Here we use LB broth because it is liquid. We can suspend our silk in this liquid which is easier than working with jelly.
@@ -254,11 +258,11 @@ Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
-(ADD PRICE OF BACTERIA) 17,50 Euros, for a yield of approx. 6 silk scarfs and bacteria that can last a long time if kept alive.
+17,50 Euros, for a yield of approx. 6 silk scarfs and bacteria that can last infinitely if kept alive. The cost of purchasing the bacteria is about 60 euros but is not included in the cost estimated here because it will approach nihil if used infinitely. 85% of the price mentioned here is for the pure silk chiffon.
## Copyright information
-This recipe was published under a [Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) as part of the project **Bioshades**, by Cecilia Raspanti et.al., Textile and Clothing Business Labs (TCBL.EU) and Textile Lab Amsterdam Waag, 2016-2019, [link](https://bioshades.bio)
+This recipe was originally published under a [Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike licence](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) as part of the project **Bioshades**, by Cecilia Raspanti et.al., Textile and Clothing Business Labs (TCBL.EU) and Textile Lab Amsterdam Waag, 2016-2019, [link](https://bioshades.bio)
##References
@@ -270,6 +274,8 @@ This recipe was published under a [Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike lice
- **Fungal and Bacterial Pigments: Secondary Metabolites with Wide Applications** by Manik Prabhu Narsing Rao, Min Xiao and Wen-Jun Li, in Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 8, 22 June 2017: [link](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5479939/)
- **How to Make Agar Plates**, Rare Endophytes Collectors Club by Center for Genomic Gastronomy, 2017: [link](http://www.endophyte.club/how-to/2-make-agar-plates)
- **Colourful Side of Bacteriology: The Pigmented Bacteria**
by Vijay Kothari, Chinmayi Joshi and Pooja Patel in Advancement in Genetic Engineering 5:1, 1 February 2016: [link](https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/colourful-side-of-bacteriology-the-pigmented-bacteria-2469-9837-1000i104.php?aid=70360)
+- **Creating Bacterial Glycerol Stocks for Long-term Storage of Plasmids** by AddGene: [link](https://www.addgene.org/protocols/create-glycerol-stock/)
+
### Images of final product
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/biofoam.md b/docs/files/recipes/biofoam.md
index 7935f8b924fed25b69316605dd4dc932ddbb169d..d07a85e31d49285f0c27dda21c5241274031ea20 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/biofoam.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/biofoam.md
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@ Yes. Casting solids or smooth surface might require a different process to preve
- Add **less glycerine** for a rigid foam, add more for a flexible foam (up to 1 part glycerine, 1 part gelatine and a dash of water)
- **Stiffeners** such as fibres or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
- **Fillers** such as almond or sunflower oil, chalk or egg shells can be added to prevent additional shrinkage.
+- Soaking the foam model in water for 2 hours and then letting it dry again makes it firmer. First it expands, then it shrinks again and gets quite rigid.
### Cultural origins of this recipe
@@ -179,8 +180,8 @@ The foam half domes are more rigid when completely dried, but still allow for so
### Technical and sensory properties
- **Strength**: medium
-- **Hardness**: flexible
-- **Transparency**: translucent
+- **Hardness**: resilient
+- **Transparency**: opaque
- **Glossiness**: satin
- **Weight**: light
- **Structure**: closed
@@ -229,13 +230,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on **Biofoam (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
-No
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-No
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/biofoilextraflexible.md b/docs/files/recipes/biofoilextraflexible.md
index 26925723ef6f057f476f2826334c37979a4b49ba..532509ea888b2920d53891e02f13b46a2f1af520 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/biofoilextraflexible.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/biofoilextraflexible.md
@@ -213,13 +213,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on "Gelatine" from **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3)
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-No
+It is unclear if any copyright rests on this recipe. Further research is required.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/biolino.md b/docs/files/recipes/biolino.md
index 475e62793f055c6e9def6776236c397f0fc480fb..093f1ca6a3d0ec86295b41f381b820c396b4de73 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/biolino.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/biolino.md
@@ -218,11 +218,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-Yes
+This is a variation on **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/bioresin.md b/docs/files/recipes/bioresin.md
index eee68111af21d8149d9d6c4b8b8d46f78929c744..d9be805a22c506a46b05ffdeb196623e5901bf11 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/bioresin.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/bioresin.md
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ The resin does not cure evenly across the surface, some might be negotiated by s
## Variations on this recipe
- Add a **natural colorant** such as a vegetable dye or water-based ink (e.g. hibiscus, beetroot, madder)
-- Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid foil
+- Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid plastic
- **Stiffeners** such as fibres, yarn or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
- **Fillers** such as almond or sunflower oil, can be added to prevent additional shrinkage but might affect stickyness.
@@ -223,13 +223,10 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This recipe was orginally published as **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
-Yes
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/biorubber.md b/docs/files/recipes/biorubber.md
index a57fd44d68e07ab955e03f0b82567618d4636429..46209e33c035fbb8e2ae0dd182457add31a26fdc 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/biorubber.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/biorubber.md
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Final form achieved after:7 days
* **Potato starch - 50 g **
* Functions as the second polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
* **Glycerine - 100 g **
- * Functions as plasticizer that bonds with the gelatine (makes it flexible).
+ * Functions as plasticizer (makes it flexible).
* **Water - 100 ml/gr and a dash extra**
* To dissolve and mix the polymeer and plasticizer
* To dissolve and mix the corn starch before adding to the other liquid
@@ -232,13 +232,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 16 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on **Tumorick bioplastic** by Maria Viftrup for the Material Archive at Textile Lab Waag (Amsterdam), n.d.
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: ADDD HERE
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/biosilicon.md b/docs/files/recipes/biosilicon.md
index ff7dad299b69c6c56b6caa7223e1e83bbd75cdfc..0436a5505c2b4956b22384d21ee056ecc60f48fc 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/biosilicon.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/biosilicon.md
@@ -206,13 +206,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on: **Biosilicone Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: **Biosilicone Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/out for now/copperoxide.md b/docs/files/recipes/bluevitriol.md
similarity index 89%
rename from docs/files/recipes/out for now/copperoxide.md
rename to docs/files/recipes/bluevitriol.md
index c07ef5a6c3d2beae60fffb2d8d05ccbb649ffbd6..f62231f95eb695611d2f69ec234ab99c95d235fc 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/out for now/copperoxide.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/bluevitriol.md
@@ -1,36 +1,35 @@
-# COPPER OXIDE
+# BLUE VITRIOL (COPPER SULPHATE)
-### Tactility & sound impression
+*Petri dish with blue vitriol (copper sulphate), Loes Bogers, 2020*
-<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gNOtGunJc2A" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
### Description
-A (naturally) amber-coloured hard bioresin, gelatin-based.
+Blue vitriol can be used as an ink, or used as a mordant for textile dyeing (opens up the fibres so natural dye can penetrate better). Copper sulphate can be used as ink and dye modifier as well.
+
+**SAFETY NOTE**: use with caution, this compound can irritate skin and eyes, do not ingest, wear gloves, keep away from pets.
### Physical form
-Solids
+Liquids
-Color without additives: transparent, yellow/orange/amber colored.
+Color without additives: bright blue.
### Fabrication time
-Preparation time: 1 Hour
+Preparation time: 10 mins
-Processing time: 5-10 days
+Processing time: 2 weeks
-Need attention: None, just leave it to dry as long as is feasible with lots of airflow.
+Need attention: swirl the liquid around every day
-Final form achieved after: 10 days
+Final form achieved after: 14 days
## Ingredients
-* **Gelatine powder - 96 gr**
- * Functions as the polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
-* **Glycerine - 16 gr**
- * Functions as plasticizer that bonds with the gelatine (makes it flexible).
-* **Water - 480 ml/gr**
+* **Copper scraps**, maybe a piece of copper pipe, or whatever you can find, also copper coins might work
+* **White vinegar** enough to cover your copper scraps
+* **Salt**
* To dissolve and mix the polymeer and plasticizer
## Tools
@@ -213,13 +212,7 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+This recipe .....
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/boraxcrystals.md b/docs/files/recipes/boraxcrystals.md
index dc395efcef90c09b29e3f90a9fc851f59c466b4a..fd4feec18725c71deb192b8552ad30c8583f2b86 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/boraxcrystals.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/boraxcrystals.md
@@ -211,20 +211,17 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation on: **Borax Crystals: How to Grow Giant DIY Borax Crystals** by Tanya for Dans Le Lakehouse, 2015: [link](https://www.danslelakehouse.com/2015/01/diy-borax-crystals.html)
-Yes
+It is unclear if there is copyright on this material, further research is required.
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-This is a variation on: **Borax Crystals: How to Grow Giant DIY Borax Crystals** by Tanya for Dans Le Lakehouse, 2015: https://www.danslelakehouse.com/2015/01/diy-borax-crystals.html
##References
-- **Textile as Scaffold** by Anastasia Pistofidou for Fabricademy 30 October 2019. Lecture notes: https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week088/
-- **Dark diamond mining** by EJTech, 25 February 2020: https://wikifactory.com/@ejtech/dark-diamond-mining
-- **Borax Crystals: How to Grow Giant DIY Borax Crystals** by Tanya for Dans Le Lakehouse, 2015: https://www.danslelakehouse.com/2015/01/diy-borax-crystals.html
--
+- **Textile as Scaffold** by Anastasia Pistofidou for Fabricademy 30 October 2019. Lecture notes: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week088/)
+- **Dark diamond mining** by EJTech, 25 February 2020: [link](https://wikifactory.com/@ejtech/dark-diamond-mining)
+- **Borax Crystals: How to Grow Giant DIY Borax Crystals** by Tanya for Dans Le Lakehouse, 2015: [link](https://www.danslelakehouse.com/2015/01/diy-borax-crystals.html)
+
## Images of final product
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/cabbagedye.md b/docs/files/recipes/cabbagedye.md
index 5604d4f443fa9ddab1206d8c2e94d68c18935eac..6fbb66bc906c712f0cde65e5d76c305c21020f11 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/cabbagedye.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/cabbagedye.md
@@ -166,9 +166,7 @@ Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
+This a common way of extracting pigments from plants, it may be considered to be part of the public domain.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/fishskin.md b/docs/files/recipes/fishskin.md
index a09b91db1ca3fa38666d58e46f06bc2202600596..aead6fbbbedb4540d2c6146852c71664aa35b446 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/fishskin.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/fishskin.md
@@ -219,13 +219,9 @@ Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This recipe was originally published as **Fish Skin Tanning** in the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
-Needs further research
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, as **Fish Skin Tanning** from the 6-8th grade Heritage Kit Curriculum, by Chugachmiut Heritage Preservation, Anchorage, Alaska USA: [link](https://chugachheritageak.org/pdf/CLO_6-12%20_FISH_SKIN_TANNING_Final.pdf)
+It is unclear if copyright rests on this publication. Further research is required.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/flowerpaper.md b/docs/files/recipes/flowerpaper.md
index e8d74389b264f36eaf0bca23200ad0c2a3c49434..84f3ada59da4c15c65a76a6a37b706fa58bd68c4 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/flowerpaper.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/flowerpaper.md
@@ -277,13 +277,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+There are endless recipes for paper making documented so this can be considered to be in the public domain. However, this recipe is a variation on: **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/).
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, this is a variation on: **Hand-papermaking With Plants** by May Babcock for Paper Slurry, 20 August, 2014: [link](https://www.paperslurry.com/2014/08/20/hand-papermaking-with-plants-illustrated-infographic/)
+Further research needed.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/kombuchapaper.md b/docs/files/recipes/kombuchapaper.md
index 328e19dff014186bfdfc528a330c921e3a0aa2e1..b1839fa0c19799793c6e9957a21fb8bcddb13d81 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/kombuchapaper.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/kombuchapaper.md
@@ -207,13 +207,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+This is a variation (using thinner SCOBY to create paper) on **Open Source Kombucha**, by thr34d5. n.d., [link](https://thr34d5.org/2019/08/28/open-source-kombucha/)
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, this is a variation (using thinner SCOBY to create paper) on **Open Source Kombucha**, by thr34d5. n.d., [link](https://thr34d5.org/2019/08/28/open-source-kombucha/)
+It is published under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike 4.0 Licence.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/kombuchascoby.md b/docs/files/recipes/kombuchascoby.md
index 54058c5fd71f51f3aba1850762a74ba07bb3b965..2726841a86d06907de44a51043d87632c8305828 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/kombuchascoby.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/kombuchascoby.md
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
### Description
-This is a living microbial culture also called a kombucha SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria and Yeast) that can be used to transform
+This is a living microbial culture also called a kombucha SCOBY (Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria and Yeast) that can be used to ferment sugary tea, transforming sugars into acids. It can also be used as a material in and of itself, for leather alternatives and paper-like thin materials. See also this [recipe for Kombucha Paper](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/kombuchapaper/).
### Physical form
@@ -25,80 +25,91 @@ Final form achieved after: 5 days
## Ingredients
+You can try both options: one is to grow a SCOBY from only kombucha bought at a health store, the other option also listed here is to grow SCOBY from a mix of store-bought kombucha and cooled down sugary tea. This way you give it more nutrients to grow off of, but you can also be feeding the yeast instead of the bacteria. Try both and find out what works best in your environment with the kombucha you can get.
+
+Try to work as sterile as possible throughout.
+
* **Kombucha drink with live culture (raw), without flavouring**
* used here: Yaya Kombucha Original (Ekoplaza supermarket)
* 330 ml or more
* we will cultivate the live bacteria in the drink and grow them into a solid SCOBY
-* **[Ingredient ] [optional or not?]**
- * Amount: [number]
- * [Function, e.g. plasticizer]
-* **[Ingredient ] [optional or not?]**
- * Amount: [number]
- * [Function, e.g. plasticizer]
-
-* vinegar if your water is alkaline
-
+ * some say it's best to find a bottle that already has some blobs (baby scoby's) sitting at the bottom.
+* **Denatured alcohol 96%** to desinfect all your tools and pots
+* **A large round coffee filter** to prevent contamination by fruit flies
+* **A rubber band** to prevent contamination by fruit flies
+* Optional: water - 1.5L, to make black tea
+* Optional: 4 tea bags of black tea, plain, no flavours such as ceylon, darjeeling or English breakfast tea.
+* Optional: (organic) sugar - 120 g, just plain white sugar is best.
+* Optional: a splash of vinegar if your water is alkaline
## Tools
-1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- - Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
-1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- - Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
-1. **[Tool] [optional or not?]**
- - Is this ingredient optional? Yes/No
-
-Alcohol to sterilize everything!
+1. **A glass jar** try to get a wider one, min 10 cm diameter
+1. **A pot**
+1. **Kitchen paper**
+1. **Anti-bacterial soap and kitchen towels** to wash your hands
+1. Optional: a scale if you will add sugary tea right away
+1. Optional: a spoon
+1. Optional: 2 more glass jars if you are working with sugary tea
## Yield before processing/drying/curing
-Approx. [number] [unit]
+As many SCOBY's as you have jars with kombucha or kombucha/tea if all goes well. They will grow the same size and shape as the diameter of the jar you grown them in.
## Method
-1. **[Step 1]**
+1. **Create a sterile environmet**
- - [Free text]
- - [Free text]
+ - Wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds
+ - Sterilize all your tools with 95% denatured alcohol
+ - If you don't have alcohol: sterilize with hot water. Don't put cold glass inside hot water! It will break. Heat up slowly.
-1. **[Step 1]**
+1. **Option 1: the simple version**
- - [Free text]
- - [Free text]
+ - Put the kombucha in a sterilized jar
+ - Seal them with a coffee filter and a rubber band to prevent fruit flies from going in. You don't want their larvae in your SCOBY
+ - Put it on a shelf in a warm place but away from direct sunlight, and leave it for 2-3 weeks, or until it has grown 5 mm thick (to use for paper) or closer to 10-15 mm thick, to grow for leather-like pellicles.
+ - Check regularly for (unusual growth). Ideally your SCOBY becomes a thick white-ish film floating on top of the liquid. But it takes many forms and can definitely look funny. Learn how to discriminate between a heathy SCOBY and fungal or yeast growth. The resources from [Kombucha Camp](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/kombucha-mold-information-and-pictures) are a good starting point.
-1. **[Step 1]**
+1. **Option 2: the deluxe version with sugary black tea**
- - [Free text]
- - [Free text]
+ - Boil the water
+ - Add the teabags and turn off the heat. Let the tea brew and let it cool all the way down to room temperature (so you don't kill the bacteria of the kombucha).
+ - Make sure all is sterile - maybe wash your hands again?
+ - Mix in the store-bought kombucha and stir
+ - Distribute your kombucha/tea mix into the sterilized jars
+ - Seal them with a coffee filter and a rubber band to prevent fruit flies from going in. You don't want their larvae in your SCOBY
+ - Put it on a shelf in a warm place but away from direct sunlight, and leave it for 2-3 weeks, or until it has grown 5 mm thick (to use for paper) or closer to 10-15 mm thick, to grow for leather-like pellicles.
+ - Check regularly for unusual growth. Ideally your SCOBY becomes a thick white-ish film floating on top of the liquid. But it takes many forms and can definitely look funny. Learn how to discriminate between a heathy SCOBY and fungal or yeast growth. The resources from [Kombucha Camp](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/kombucha-mold-information-and-pictures) are a good starting point.
-### Drying/curing/growth process
+1. **Use your SCOBY**
-[Free text]
+ - Use your SCOBY to make paper or leather (or kombucha tea) see [this recipe for Kombucha paper](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/loes.bogers/files/recipes/kombuchapaper/)
-- Mold depth (surfaces and solids) or diameter (strings): [number] mm
-- Shrinkage thickness [number] %
-- Shrinkage width/length [number] %
-**Shrinkage and deformation control**
+### Drying/curing/growth process
[Free text]
-**Curing agents and release agents**
+- Mold depth and diameter: height = 20 cm or less, diameter = 10 cm or more
+- Shrinkage thickness N/A
+- Shrinkage width/length N/A
-[Free text]
**Minimum wait time before releasing from mold**
-[number] [select hours/days]
+2 weeks, or until it is 5 mm thick (to make paper) or 10-15 mm thick (or more) for leather.
**Post-processing**
-[text]
+How to store your SCOBY for later use:
-**Further research needed on drying/curing/growth?**
+- Never put it in the fridge
+- Instead: learn to make a SCOBY hotel, and perform maintenance every 2-6 months, to keep growing for ever and ever and ever. Kombucha Camp has very good resources to learn this (see references).
+- Also learn how to trim and thin big SCOBY's to learn how to achieve optimal growth.
-Yes/No/Not sure
+**Further research needed on drying/curing/growth?**
-[Notes]
+Yes, there's a huge kombucha community out there. Get connected and learn all the ins and outs.
### Process
*Caption, Image credit, Year*
@@ -111,6 +122,8 @@ Yes/No/Not sure
- Kombucha SCOBY can grow in many different liquids (wine, beer, green/black tea) that each give a different color to the SCOBY as well. Natural colorants can be added to the tea (such as hibiscus, beetroot etc).
- Try out different treatments for the kombucha, such as coconut oil or other natural and essential oils.
+- Research the use of growing mats and temperature controlled boxes to keep your SCOBY at 22 to 27 degrees Celcius for optimal growth and the smallest chance at mold formation.
+- **The NOMA guide to fermentation** is a great resource on microbial growth for safe human consumption that describes how you can make a fermentation chamber form a styrofoam cooler.
### Cultural origins of this recipe
@@ -123,8 +136,9 @@ Yes/No/Not sure
### This recipe draws together information from these other recipes
-- **[Title of publication 1]** by [First + Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [Publication name or channel], [YYYY], [link](put URL here).
-
+- **How to Start Brewing Kombucha Without a SCOBY** by Kathleen Quiring, for Becoming Peculiar, 6 November 2013: [link](http://becomingpeculiar.com/how-to-start-brewing-kombucha-without-a-scoby/)
+- **How to Grow a Kombucha SCOBY from Bottled Komucha** by Carol Lovett, for Ditch the Wheat, n.d. [link](https://ditchthewheat.com/how-to-grow-a-kombucha-scoby-from-bottled-kombucha/)
+- **How to Grow a Kombucha SCOBY** Kristen Michaelis, 2 February 2018:[link](https://www.foodrenegade.com/how-to-grow-a-kombucha-scoby/)
### Known concerns and contestations\*
@@ -184,7 +198,7 @@ Needs further research?: Yes/No/Not sure
- Name: Loes Bogers
- Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
- Location: Amsterdam, the Netherlands
-- Date: [DD-MM-YYYY] – DD-MM-YYYY]
+- Date: 20-03-2020-20-03-2020
### Environmental conditions
@@ -203,33 +217,22 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
-*including use of disposables likegloves*
-
-0,64 Euros, for a yield of
+Approx. 3,15 Euros for a yield of initially one, but eventually infinite SCOBYs if kept alive with more sugar and tea or other nutrient.
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes/No/Needs further research\*
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes/No/Needs further research\*
-
-If yes, please refer to the original:
-
-[Title of publication 1] by [First Name, Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [YYYY], [Publication name or channel],[link](put URL here).
-
-If no, please state that you agree to publish this recipe under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA 2.0) license
-
-**By submitting this recipe I agree to publish it under a CC BY-SA 2.0 Creative Commons license. Please mention to these details for attributions:**
-
-[Title of publication 1] by [First Name, Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [YYYY], [Publication name or channel],[link](put URL here).
+Techniques for growing kombucha SCOBY are documented widely and considered something of an oral culture that may be 200 to 2000 years. Although none can really claim the intellectual rights to such an old recipe, references used are listed below. This information is in the public domain.
##References
-- **[Title of publication 1]** by [First + Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [Publication name or channel], [YYYY], [link](put URL here).
+- **How to Start Brewing Kombucha Without a SCOBY** by Kathleen Quiring, for Becoming Peculiar, 6 November 2013: [link](http://becomingpeculiar.com/how-to-start-brewing-kombucha-without-a-scoby/)
+- **How to Grow a Kombucha SCOBY from Bottled Komucha** by Carol Lovett, for Ditch the Wheat, n.d. [link](https://ditchthewheat.com/how-to-grow-a-kombucha-scoby-from-bottled-kombucha/)
+- **How to Grow a Kombucha SCOBY** Kristen Michaelis, 2 February 2018: [link](https://www.foodrenegade.com/how-to-grow-a-kombucha-scoby/)
+- **Kombucha Mold Information and Pictures** by Kombucha CAmp, n.d. [link](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/kombucha-mold-information-and-pictures)
+- **SCOBY hotel video quick tip** by Kombucha Camp, n.d. [link](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/scoby-hotel-video-quick-tip)
+- **SCOBY hotel maintenance** by Kombucha Camp, n.d. [link](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/scoby-hotel-maintenance)
+- **How to Trim SCOBYS: Kombucha Care** by Kombucha Camp, n.d. [link](https://www.kombuchakamp.com/trim-scobys-kombucha-care)
+- **The NOMA guide to Fermentation** by René Redzepi and David Zilber, Foundations of Flavour 2018.
### Images of final product
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/madderdye.md b/docs/files/recipes/madderdye.md
index 4fd4029230d2ae75720715f11804c12ca0f92434..e7405fe758446ea337df8aa7f8d404c1a440e7a3 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/madderdye.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/madderdye.md
@@ -170,13 +170,7 @@ Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, this is an adaptation of the recipes listed in the references but there are many very similar recipes out there.
+This is an adaptation of the recipes listed in the references but there are many very similar recipes out there. One might consider this to be in the public domain. Further research needed.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/mangoleather.md b/docs/files/recipes/mangoleather.md
index 9b79d2913cdb89f64672c22fe8dee93b57ace4a7..d114c921e0d39c8fce776b2c77c6d014d7538b51 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/mangoleather.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/mangoleather.md
@@ -2,115 +2,113 @@
### Tactility & sound impression
-<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gNOtGunJc2A" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
+<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/iDgNwzSzTF4" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
### Description
-A (naturally) amber-coloured hard bioresin, gelatin-based.
+Flexible leather-like sheet made from overripe mangos.
### Physical form
-Solids
+Surfaces
-Color without additives: transparent, yellow/orange/amber colored.
+Color without additives: translucent, yellow/orange.
### Fabrication time
Preparation time: 1 Hour
-Processing time: 5-10 days
+Processing time: 1 week
-Need attention: None, just leave it to dry as long as is feasible with lots of airflow.
+Need attention: Ideally needs about 16 hours (over 2 days) of drying at low temperature in the oven 40-50 degrees fan setting). Then 5 more days alternating air drying with pressing (every 8 hours).
-Final form achieved after: 10 days
+Final form achieved after: 7 days
## Ingredients
-* **Gelatine powder - 96 gr**
- * Functions as the polymeer (so it becomes a solid)
-* **Glycerine - 16 gr**
- * Functions as plasticizer that bonds with the gelatine (makes it flexible).
-* **Water - 480 ml/gr**
- * To dissolve and mix the polymeer and plasticizer
+* **1 Overripe mango - with skin** get these as waste from the market, they can have dents and bruises it doesn't matter. We will dehydrate the mango until it becomes leather-like.
+* **Potato starch - 15 g** functions as the polymeer (makes the mango puree harder)
+* **Glycerine - 15 gr** functions as plasticizer (makes it flexible).
+* **White vinegar - 15 gr** vinegar is almost always added to starch-based biopolymers to change the molecular structure of the starch, making it stronger and more workable
+* **Salt - 5 gr** as a preservative and stabilizer.
+* **Vegetable oil - 1 tbsp** as a release agent for the mould.
+
## Tools
1. **Cooker or stove** (optional: temperature controlled)
1. **Pot**
+1. **Blender or stick mixer**
1. **Scale**
-1. **Moulds** (ideally with removeable base to increase airflow). I have modular silicon walls with metal wire inside them that allow me to cast and then turn the moulds on their side for more airflow and drying from top and bottom. I use a silicon or acrylic sheet with these mould walls.
+1. **Oven** that can go as low as 50 degrees (or ideally 40)
+1. **Mould or flat surface** you can cast the fruit leather into a shallow mould with wals (need not be higher than 5 mm) or cast directly onto a smooth sheet. Applying some oil helps to release it. Make sure it fits into your oven
1. **Spoon**
## Yield before processing/drying/curing
-Approx. 300 ml (make sure to evaporate a lot of water during cooking time)
+Approx. 25 x 25 cm sheet of 1-2 mm thick
## Method
1. **Preparation**
- - Weigh your ingredients
- - Prepare the mold and find a place where you can leave it for a while, ideally near an open window where there's air flow.
+ - Cut the mango into smaller pieces and puree it in a blender or with a mixer.
+ - Prepare the mold by applying some oil
+ - Dissolve the starch in a dash of water until liquid
-1. **Mixing and dissolving the ingredients**
- - bring the water to the boil
- - optional: add natural dye if you wish to use color
- - add the glycerine
- - add the gelatine
- - keep the temperature below 80 degrees celcius while stirring *very very slowly and gently* to avoid making bubbles. I prefer a simple spoon to do this, not a whisk.
+1. **Mixing the ingredients and activating the starch**
+ - put the mango puree in the pot with the salt, glycerine and vinegar
+ - heat it at a low heat while stirring, you don't want it to boil and stick to the pot, but you want to kill any bacteria in there and dissipate some water.
+ - dissipate some of the excess water if it is very liquid but keep a low heat and stir.
+ - add the starch mixture and continue to stir for at least a minute until it transforms into a thick paste. If the paste is too liquid it will shrink a lot during the dehydration process and your leather sheet will tear.
-1. **Cooking the ingredients**
+1. **Casting and dehydrating in the oven**
- - Simmer and slowly stir the mixture between 60-80 degrees celcius for at least 20 minutes or up to an hour. Turn it lower when bubbles appear: you don't want the liquid to move, don't boil it. This sample has some bubbles due to vigorous mixing.
- - Longer cooking time allows more water to evaporate. You will get a thicker liquid. To cast larger volumes and solids with this recipe, evaporate a lot of water, until it's very thick.
-
-1. **Casting**
+ - Pour the paste onto the surface or mould and spread it out evenly, knock it on a hard surface gently to even it out more.
+ - Heat the oven to 50 degrees Celcius on the fan setting and put the paste into the oven for at least 16 hours (you can spread it out over a few days with airdrying in between). If your oven allows it without turning itself off: keep the door slightly open with a cloth to let the moisture escape).
+ - Carefully peel thea leather off the tray, flip it, and check if the bottom has fully dried. If not, put back in the oven with the moist side up for another few hours.
+ - Optional: you can airdry the leather as well, but there is some more risk of molding. Don't dry it in direct sunlight.
- - Let the liquid cool for a couple minutes until it gels a little but is still liquid and pourable.
- - Cast into the mould slowly to avoid bubbles
- - Pour from the middle and hold still, let the liquid distribute itself.
- - Put the mould away to dry in a cool place with lots of air flow (like near an open window). A warmer place might speed up the drying process but also allow bacteria to grow faster and can result in fungal growth.
- - If the mould has a removable base, remove it after 4-8 hours and put the mould on its side to allow air flow from both sides.
- - When using a flexible mould: let it dry without releasing to keep the form as much as possible. The resin will likely shrink and release itself from the mold. If it feels cold to the touch it is still drying. If you are using a rigid mold: release after 4-8 hours and dry flat.
+1. **Air drying**
+ - when the leather is dry to the touch (it will be a bit darker of color now), let it airdry in a well-ventilated space for another 5-7 days.
+ - alternate drying and pressing under a stack of heavy books or dry on a roster with weight on top for further drying while keeping it flat.
### Drying/curing/growth process
-- Mold depth: 7 cm (filled up until 2.5cm high)
-- Shrinkage thickness: 20-30 %
-- Shrinkage width/length: 20-30 %
+- Mold depth: 5 mm (filled 2-3mm high)
+- Shrinkage thickness: 50 %
+- Shrinkage width/length: 0-5% %
**Shrinkage and deformation control**
-Letting it dry up to ten days to get to the final form. It will be flexible at first but will slowly harden until its totally rigid.
+Letting it dry up to 7 days to get to the final form. Mango leather tends to dry at a different pace every time, depending on the amount of juice and amount of dissipating. This is a slow process. Trying to demould too quickly will damage the leather.
**Curing agents and release agents**
-None.
+Some oil helps to release from the mould.
**Minimum wait time before releasing from mold**
-Using a silicon mold: 7 days (or until it comes undone)
+2 days
**Post-processing**
-Trim frayed edges and cut or slice into desired shape before the slab is completely dry and hardened for best results.
+Trim frayed edges and cut or slice into desired shape before the slab is completely dry and hardened to obtain the best results.
-Store in a dry and ventilated room.
+Store in a dry space. Baking paper between sheets prevents sticking. Some suggests using desiccants to keep the sheets dry (e.g. sprinkling starch onto the sheet).
**Further research needed on drying/curing/growth?**
-Casting larger volumes without growing fungus/mold, and limited warping can be challenging. Fillers like debris or egg shells can help. More research can be done on ideal conditions for drying larger volumes.
-
-The resin does not cure evenly across the surface, some might be negotiated by shaving off some slides while it is still relatively soft and flexible.
+Some more experimentation could be done on the effect of dissipating more or less water before drying, and adding more starch. Some post-treatments could be experimented with to make the leather more water proof (see also "variations on this recipe").
### Process
*Find some overripe mangos that would otherwise be trashed, Loes Bogers, 2020*
-*Cut up one mango, keep half the skin, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+*Cut up one mango with skin, Loes Bogers, 2020*
*Heating the puree, Loes Bogers, 2020*
@@ -121,71 +119,76 @@ The resin does not cure evenly across the surface, some might be negotiated by s
## Variations on this recipe
-- Add a **natural colorant** such as a vegetable dye or water-based ink (e.g. hibiscus, beetroot, madder)
-- Add **less glycerine** for a more rigid foil
+- Add a **natural colorant** such as a vegetable dye or water-based ink (e.g. hibiscus, beetroot, madder). The puree is acidic (PH6-7), consider this in your choice of colorant. Dissipate some more water or to compensate for the added liquid. Adding spices may also work to create color (and smell variations).
+- Add **less or no glycerine** for a more rigid foil
+- Add 2 tablespoons of **melted bees wax** for a more rigid, more water proof mango leather.
- **Stiffeners** such as fibres, yarn or natural debris may be added for more structure and reinforcement.
-- **Fillers** such as almond or sunflower oil, can be added to prevent additional shrinkage but might affect stickyness.
+- **Other starches** will work, pick whatever is (organically) produced locally.
+- Try other **fibrous fruit waste **like, apples, pears, peaches, plums or even rhubarb.
### Cultural origins of this recipe
-Bioplastic production is older than petrol based plastics. In 1500 BC, people in Egypt were already using glues based on gelatin, casein and albumin for furniture constructions. Gelatin casting as a technique has also been used in production of jelly-based foods such as aspic, jelly desserts and candy.
+Fruit leather was originally conceived of as a way to preserve fruit and is eaten as a snack! It's a way to preserve fruits, which is especially handy in hot climates where fruit is abundant but ripens and spoils ever so quickly. To make fruit leather, overripe fruit is best, used with skin and all.
+
+"T'tu Lavash" for example, is "sour lavash" (lavash is flatbread). An Armenian specialty often made from apricots, which is the national pride. It's pureed and the pulp is dried on sheets of cardboard. It is also called called pastegh or bastegh. Similar fruit leathers are called "tklapi" in Georgia, "lavashak" in Iran, "pestil" in Turkey, and "amerdeen" or "qamar el deen" in Lebanon, Syria, and other Arabic-speaking countries. It has become very popular recently as it preserves a lot of the nutrients of fruit, without needing any additives: it has become a healthy snack for conscious eaters.
+
+As a design material it has gained a lot of recognition from the development of fruit leather as alternative for mammal hides and leather tanning practices, which is considered heavily polluting and cruel to animals. Rotterdam Leather is a start-up based in the Netherlands that recognized the local waste stream of market fruits: 3500 kgs are thrown away after an average market day, vendors have to pay to dispose of this waste. Rotterdam Leather now sells technically tested fruit leather as design material commercially, and can produce up to 50-70 square metres a month.
**Needs further research?** Not sure
### References this recipe draws from
-- **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
-- **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3)
+this is a variation on experiments documented by Beatriz Sandini:
+
+**Ephemeral fashion lab** by Beatriz Sandini for Fabricademy 2019-2020 at Textile Lab Amsterdam, Waag: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/beatriz.sandini/projects/final-project/)
-### Known concerns and contestations\*
-Needs further research
+### Known concerns and contestations
-Gelatin is an animal-based ingredient. Some might find it problematic to use resources that requires killing an animal because of religious or animal welfare beliefs. Arguments are also made that as long as there's a meat industry, it is better to use product from the entire animal, including skin and bones. Some might consider gelatin to be a product that comes from a waste stream, but this is considered controversial by others.
+Fruit leather as design material can only exist with the grace of excessive food waste. We should consider if we should make it easier to dispose of food waste at all or try to eliminate it. Others might argue it is better to use the fruit than to let it go to waste.
-Acrylic (for the mold) is a petrol based plastic but results in very shiny foils and sheets and can be reused endlessly for casting high quality bioplastic sheets.
+Moreover, if you live in northern Europe, you should consider mango's to be exotic fruit. So first they are shipped long distances, only to be thrown away. This is an issue that needs to be addressed not celebrated.
-Using renewable ingredients is not by definition petrol-free. Imagine they have to travel long distances by plane, boat or truck: it takes fuel. Also, the effects of GMO technologies and pesticides can be harmful to the environment and it's worth using knowing the source and production standards involved. If you can afford it, buying organic ingredients is a good starting point.
+Some climates might be too cold for a natural drying process, so it will involve more time to produce, and/or more energy to use ovens and dehydrators, like described in this recipe.
### Sustainability tags
- Renewable ingredients: yes
-- Vegan: no
-- Made of by-products or waste: no
+- Vegan: yes
+- Made of by-products or waste: yes
- Biocompostable final product: yes
-- Reuse: yes, by melting and recasting
+- Reuse: needs further research
-Needs further research?: not sure
-
-Gelatine-based bioplastics can be recasted by melting them in a pot with some water. Recycling them with PET plastics contaminates the waste stream. Compost bioplastics in a warm environment with sufficient airflow.
+Needs further research? yes, possibilities of re-using the leather
## Material properties
### Comparative qualities
-This resin is dense and rather heavy, but not rock hard like synthetic epoxy or cold like glass. It keeps certain level of bounciness to it.
+
+The material is thin but emulates the feeling of leather quite well but feels a little dryer to the touch than leathers used in most clothing items and accessories. It is translucent unlike leather however. Its natural color is amber/orange (but can be dyed), and it keeps a lovely mango smell.
### Technical and sensory properties
-- **Strength**: strong
-- **Hardness**: rigid
-- **Transparency**: transparent
-- **Glossiness**: matt
-- **Weight**: heavy
+- **Strength**: medium
+- **Hardness**: flexible
+- **Transparency**: translucent
+- **Glossiness**:matt
+- **Weight**: medium
- **Structure**: closed
-- **Texture**: medium
+- **Texture**: variable (if dried on acrylic one side will be smooth)
- **Temperature**: medium
-- **Shape memory**: high
-- **Odor**: moderate in final product, high during production
-- **Stickiness**: low
-- **Weather resistance:** low
+- **Shape memory**: medium
+- **Odor**: moderate (but a nice mango smell)
+- **Stickiness**: medium (can get sticky easily with moisture)
+- **Weather resistance:** needs further research
- **Acoustic properties:** needs further research
- **Anti-bacterial:** needs further research
- **Non-allergenic:** needs further research
-- **Electrical properties:** needs further research
+- **Electrical properties:** no
- **Heat resistance:** low
-- **Water resistance:** water resistant
+- **Water resistance:** low
- **Chemical resistance:** needs further research
-- **Scratch resistance:** moderate
+- **Scratch resistance:** medium
- **Surface friction:** medium
- **Color modifiers:** none
@@ -197,7 +200,7 @@ This resin is dense and rather heavy, but not rock hard like synthetic epoxy or
- Name: Loes Bogers
- Affiliation: Fabricademy student at Waag Textile Lab Amsterdam
- Location: Rotterdam, the Netherlands
-- Date: 06-03-2020 – 16-03-2020
+- Date: 29-03-2020 – 05-04-2020
### Environmental conditions
@@ -209,34 +212,31 @@ This resin is dense and rather heavy, but not rock hard like synthetic epoxy or
Has recipe been validated? Yes
-By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
+By Beatriz Sandini, Fabricademy student at Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 2 April 2020
### Estimated cost (consumables) in local currency
-2,56 Euros for a yield of approx 300 ml
+0,21 Euros for a yield of approx one 25x25 cm sheet
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
+This is a variation on the recipes documented as part of the project **Ephemeral fashion lab** by Beatriz Sandini for Fabricademy 2019-2020 at Textile Lab Amsterdam, Waag: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/beatriz.sandini/projects/final-project/)
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes, in: **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+It is published under an Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial licence.
##References
-- **The Secrets of Bioplastic** by Clara Davis (Fabtex, IAAC, Fab Lab Barcelona), 2017, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/the_secrets_of_bioplastic_).
-- **The Bioplastics Cookbook: A Catalogue of Bioplastics Recipes** by Margaret Dunne for Fabtextiles, 2018, [link](https://issuu.com/nat_arc/docs/bioplastic_cook_book_3)
-- **Bioresin (gelatin) Recipe** by Cecilia Raspanti (Textile Lab, Waag), Fabricademy Class "Biofabricating", 2019, [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/classes/week05A/).
+- **Ephemeral fashion lab** by Beatriz Sandini for Fabricademy 2019-2020 at Textile Lab Amsterdam, Waag: [link](https://class.textile-academy.org/2020/beatriz.sandini/projects/final-project/)
+- **T'tu Lavas** by Susie Armitage for Gastro Obscura: [link](https://www.atlasobscura.com/foods/ttu-lavash)
+- **Rotterdam Leather** [link](https://fruitleather.nl/)
+- **Fruit leathers (Practical Action Brief)** on Appropedia, [link](https://www.appropedia.org/Fruit_leathers_(Practical_Action_Brief))
+
## Images of final product
-*Bioresin slab, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+*Mango leather, Loes Bogers, 2020*
-*Bioresin slab, Loes Bogers, 2020*
+*Mango leather, Loes Bogers, 2020*
-*Bioresin slab and half dome, Loes Bogers, 2020*
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/oniondye.md b/docs/files/recipes/oniondye.md
index 40ce882c6c8884feb0a0e25f714afde8ef302809..89560903baf79f8341e591ad85c084cbf9e934c1 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/oniondye.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/oniondye.md
@@ -168,9 +168,7 @@ Yes, by Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
+This recipe is in the public domain.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/coffeewasteleather.md b/docs/files/recipes/out for now/coffeewasteleather.md
similarity index 100%
rename from docs/files/recipes/coffeewasteleather.md
rename to docs/files/recipes/out for now/coffeewasteleather.md
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/phmodifiers.md b/docs/files/recipes/phmodifiers.md
index c23ad414a47f49c413ac619024edc5b6819384b3..95281981303bff82a8643d67d6f0fef67533bacd 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/phmodifiers.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/phmodifiers.md
@@ -186,14 +186,7 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Not sure, but using red cabbage as a PH modifier is considered general knowledge.
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Partially, the PH paper is a variation on **How to make Red Cabbage PH Paper** by Anne Marie Helmenstine for ThoughtCo, 2 February 2020: (https://www.thoughtco.com/make-red-cabbage-ph-paper-605993)
-
+The use of PH modifiers is information that is in the public domain. How to create PH paper from red cabbage is also widely documented and can be considered common knowledge. Further research recommended.
##References
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/recipe_TEMPLATE.md b/docs/files/recipes/recipe_TEMPLATE.md
index b783b5826867a3481affcbb75a97e64793db18aa..f14e2d1fea86b70e136fd907632f9ee5d0fe9d32 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/recipe_TEMPLATE.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/recipe_TEMPLATE.md
@@ -207,19 +207,9 @@ By Cecilia Raspanti, Textile Lab, Waag Amsterdam, 9 March 2020
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
+Is the information listed above copyrighted or published under e.g. a creative commons licence? Provide info here.
-Yes/No/Needs further research\*
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-Yes/No/Needs further research\*
-
-If yes, please refer to the original:
-
-[Title of publication 1] by [First Name, Last Name Author]\([Affiliation/Institution]\), [YYYY], [Publication name or channel],[link](put URL here).
-
-If no, please state that you agree to publish this recipe under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA 2.0) license
+If not, please state that you agree to publish this recipe under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA 2.0) license
**By submitting this recipe I agree to publish it under a CC BY-SA 2.0 Creative Commons license. Please mention to these details for attributions:**
diff --git a/docs/files/recipes/recycledPLA.md b/docs/files/recipes/recycledPLA.md
index 25725d17d3693f0fbdb92084711fd87a6a8aa349..fe4cb63a1d6a670ef6a715239b236bd70683556f 100644
--- a/docs/files/recipes/recycledPLA.md
+++ b/docs/files/recipes/recycledPLA.md
@@ -220,13 +220,7 @@ Not yet.
## Copyright information
-### This recipe is in the public domain (CC0)
-
-Yes
-
-### This recipe was previously published by someone else
-
-This is an adaptation of many similar techniques that have been shared openly, such as (for example) the one by Devin Montes listed below.
+This is an adaptation of many similar techniques that have been shared openly, such as (for example) the one by Devin Montes listed below. It could be considered to be in the public domain but further research is recommended.
##References
diff --git a/docs/images/finalpics-20.jpg b/docs/images/finalpics-20.jpg
index 5a029260a6cebb13a91387dbc405d107a6316a1b..33ea41c06d371b728d21022c8736eb19de897eeb 100644
Binary files a/docs/images/finalpics-20.jpg and b/docs/images/finalpics-20.jpg differ
diff --git a/docs/images/finalpics-21.jpg b/docs/images/finalpics-21.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..aeb97cef620c86ea7e436cff77aa6af29e281660
Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/images/finalpics-21.jpg differ
diff --git a/docs/projects/final-project.md b/docs/projects/final-project.md
index 11f41975cb7a50f113f7fe0b92581bfa3f65d2bb..da6d3eaa551197e440fc076d9d22b895903c1564 100644
--- a/docs/projects/final-project.md
+++ b/docs/projects/final-project.md
@@ -102,22 +102,22 @@ Anyone dedicated to biofabricating materials and some experience in at least one
| 6 | Biolinoleum | €0,78 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/biolino) |
| 7 | Alginate net | €0,57 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alginatenet) |
| 8 | Alginate foil | €1,12 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alginatefoil) |
-| 9 | **Coffee waste leather** | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
-| 10 | Alginate string | €0,57 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alginatestring) |
-| 11 | Agar foil | €0,50 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/agarfoil) |
-| 12 | Agar composite | €0,57 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/agarcomposite) |
-| 13 | Re-used PLA scraps | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/recycledPLA) |
-| 14 | Alum crystal silk | €2,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk) |
-| 15| Borax crystals | €2,25 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/boraxcrystals) |
-| 16| **Kombucha SCOBY** | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchascoby) |
-| 17| Kombucha paper | €0,64 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchapaper) |
-| 18 | Flower paper and dye | €0,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/flowerpaper) |
-| 19 | Overripe mango leather | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/mangoleather) |
-| 20 | Tanned fish skin | €1,10 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/fishskin) |
-| 21| Madder dye | €2,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/madderdye) |
-| 22 | Red cabbage dye | €0,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/cabbagedye) |
-| 23 | Yellow onion skin dye | €0,02 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/oniondye) |
-| 24 | PH modifiers for biochromes | €0,02 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
+| 9 | Alginate string | €0,57 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alginatestring) |
+| 10 | Agar foil | €0,50 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/agarfoil) |
+| 11 | Agar composite | €0,57 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/agarcomposite) |
+| 12 | Re-used PLA scraps | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/recycledPLA) |
+| 13 | Alum crystal silk | €2,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/alumcrystalsilk) |
+| 14| Borax crystals | €2,25 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/boraxcrystals) |
+| 15| **Kombucha SCOBY** | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchascoby) |
+| 16| Kombucha paper | €0,64 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/kombuchapaper) |
+| 17 | Flower paper and dye | €0,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/flowerpaper) |
+| 18 | Overripe mango leather | €0,21 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/mangoleather) |
+| 19 | Tanned fish skin | €1,10 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/fishskin) |
+| 20| Madder dye | €2,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/madderdye) |
+| 21 | Red cabbage dye | €0,01 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/cabbagedye) |
+| 22 | Yellow onion skin dye | €0,02 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/oniondye) |
+| 23 | PH modifiers for biochromes | €0,02 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/phmodifiers) |
+| 24 | Blue vitriol | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/bluevitriol) |
| 25 | Bacterial dye on silk | €0,00 |  | [Recipe](../../files/recipes/bacterialdye) |